THE HIS TORY
OF THE
ROYAL FUSILIERS
"U. P. S."

UNIYRSITYC' PUBLIC SCHOOLS BRIGADE
(FOR.NATION  TRAINING)

PubIished by

PRINTING HOUSE SQUARE, LONDON, E.C.

$
i THE HISTORY
 OF THE
 ROYAL FUSILIERS 
 "1! P . "
 UNIVERSITY AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
 BRIGADE
 (FORMATION AND TRAININ«)

i PUBLISHED BY "THE TIMES" 
PRINTING HOUSE SQUARE • 
 LONDON, E.C. 
$1

PRINTED BY
HAZELL WATSON AND VEqEY, LD»
LONDON AND AYLESBURY.

EDITOR'S NOTE

MANY members of the U.P.S. and friends of the movement have
given hclp and advice in the preparation of this book. In parti-
cular should be mentioned Lieutenant I-Iowell, formerly secretary
to the U.P.S. Committee. Without his ungrudging assistance
this book could scarcely have been written, and indeed a great part
of the narrative is based on particulars supplied by him. Others
who have hclped in the story of the U.P.S. are Lieutenant Hurry
(the Editor of the Pow-wow, from which lnany of the book's illustra-
tions bave bcen reproduced), Major E. J. Stuart, and Messrs. D. L.
Perry, G. T. Moody, and D. K. Parr, ail members past or present of
the Brigade. The Hon. Arthur Stanley, Chairman of the U.P.S.
Committee, has shown an unceasing intcrest in the progress of the
work, and has added to the Editor's debt by kindly consenting to
write a foreword to it. Lord Lurgan and other members of the
Committee have also given advice and assistance in various ways.
To ail thcse gcntlcmen, as wcll as to the many newspapers, men-
tioned in the text, which have accorded permission to use their
chronicles of the doings of the U.P.S., the Editor's grateful thanks
are due.
If had been contemplated at one rime to include a Roll of Honour
of the U.P.S., and some account of their doings in France, but for
various reasons it has been dccided to abandon this idea, or at
any rate to postpone it.

July 1917.

CONTENTS

FOREWORD: BY THE HONOURABLE ARTHUR STANLEY, C.B.,
M.V.O., M.P .....

9

CHAPTER I
FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE

13

CHAPTER II
WORK AT THE I:{ECRUITING CENTRES: THE [OBILIZATION

CHAPTER III
EPSOM, ASHTEAD AND LEATHERHEAD'.

48

THE CAIIP AT EPSOM .

CHAPTER IV

75

CHAI'TER V
CLIPSTONF. AND SALISBURY.
7

87

8 CONTENTS

THE DEPARTURE

CHAPTER VI

99

THE " POW-WOW "

CHAPTER VII

lO5

THE HON. ARTHUR STANLEY, C.B., M.¥.O., M.P.,
CHAIRiXIAN OF THE COMMITTEE.

LORD LURG-N, K.C.V.O., VICE C[-IAIR.I.N OF THE COIIITTEF-..

¢,[Swaine,
[9

FOREWORD

TI. story of the raising, training and subsequent military aetivities
of the University and Publie Sehools Brigade will be read with
interest not only by the oflîeers and men of the Brigade--and those
eonneeted with them--but also by those students and wïiters who
in days fo eome will endeavour fo ereate for themselves and fo place
belote future generations some pieture of the wonderful uprousing
of Great Britain in the autumn of 1914.
The springing into lire of this Brigade--fanfiliarly known
as the U.P.S.--is told in this book and I need not enter into if. The
first I knew of if was when I heard that between 2,000 and 3,000
men of the finest physique, all from the publie sehools and univer-
sities, were marehing through the streets of London in perfeet order,
drilling whenever they round a eonvenient bit of ground, and that
they had attraeted the notice of Lord Roberts, who had expressed
his admiration of the men and his readiness forlnally fo inspeet
them whenever they were ready for that honour. If must be
remembered that af the rime the Brigade, or rather the embryo
of the Brigade, had no oflîcers, but in some mysterious way eom-
manded itself.
It was with no little trepidation that I suddenly ïound myself
eonfronted with the suggestion that I should be ehairman of the
Committee whieh was to make all the neeessary arrangements for
the ereation of a camp, and for the elothing and equipment of the
men. I hasten fo add that the invitation was in no sense due to
2 9

10 FOREWORD

any îeeling that I was in any way qualified for the position, but
merely to the fact that the Brigade had selected the County Club
of the Royal Automobile Club at Epsom as a suitable place for
a camp, and, as I was the chairman of the Royal Automobile Club,
they thought I might be of use to them.
I duly received official notice ïrom the Army Council that I
was " authorized to raise a Brigade of Infantry to consist of four
Battalions and to make sueh arrangements as may be neeessary
for the same"--an authozation which left a good deal to the
imagination and which eould only have been given to an ordinary
civilian in very peeuliar rimes.
The next performance of the Brigade was to march itself down
to Epsom and billet itself---3,200 men--in the neighbouring
villages of Epsom, Leatherhead, and Ashtead. This operation it
carried through without a hitch and without officers. These were
not appointed until some days afterwards.
Many other wonderful things this Brigade did, but I must not
exceed the usual length of a Foreword, and many of the exploits are
told in this book. My own connection with it became practically
nominal Olfiy, as I was engaged on other work ; but we were fortunate
enough to secure the help of Lord Lurgan as vice-chairman of the
Committee, and he threw himself energetically into the work. To
him the Brigade owes a very large debt of gratitude, and he, I know,
would like me to put on record the ïact that throughout many
months of hard, and oftcn very difficult work, the harmony of the
relations with Brigadier-General W. Gordon Gilmour and the other
officers of the Brigade was never once disturbed. Mr. Julian Orde,
the Secretary of the Royal Automobile Club, also joined our Com-
mittee and gave invaluable help, both to the Committee and to
the Brigade itself.
I cannot end this brief note without reference to the services
of Mr. Henry Howell, the Secretary of the Committee. Even in
those strenuous days when eve T one was working at full pressure

FOREWORD 11

few people worked as hard as he did. His whole heart was in the
work and he gave his whole time--day and night--ungrudgingly
to the service oï the U.P.S. Many were the diflïeulties whieh he
removed and the obstaeles whieh he surmounted, and only those
who worked with him know how thoroughly he deserved and won
the very high regard and esteem of offieers and men alike, as well
as of his eolleagues on the Committee.
Itis tempting to write still more oï the early days oï the U.P.S.
and oï their training at Woodeote and oï their militmT aehieve-
ments in France, but I refrain, remembering that this is only the
preïaee to the book and not the book itselï. The Brigade in its
short liïe ruade a niche ïor itselï in the history oï the Great War,
and I eount myself fortunate indeed--as do all the members of
the Conmfittee--in having been associated even in a humble way
with the 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st Battalions oï the Royal Fusiliers,
who won ïame for themselves under the more ïamiliar naine of
the " U.P.S."

ARTttUR STANLEY.

CHAPTER I

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE

A 8TATE of var was declared to exist between Great Britain and
Gerlnany as from 11 p.m. of August , 191. That afternoon
Mr. Asquith had announced in the House of Commons that the
British Government had sent an ultimatum to Germany the
same morning. Then, proceeding to the Bar of the House, he
handed to the Speaker a Proclamation by the King providing
for eomplete mobilization of the Army. Ail that day, in ex-
peetation of immediate mobilization, the reeruiting offices in
London and throughout the country had experienced a " boom,"
the forerunner of the tremendous flood of enlistments that was
soon to sweep over the country. The following day the first
official advertisement ealling for unmarried men between the
ages of eighteen and thirty fo rally round the flag appeared in
the Press. On August 7 Mr. Asquith in the House of Commons
moved a vote of credit for £100,000,000, and asked for sanction
for an increase of the Army by 500,000 men. The same day,
Lord Kitchener, who had been appointed Secretary of State for
War two days before, issued his appeal for the first 100,000.
He asked for men between the ages of nineteen and thirty to
eome forward and enlist for a period of three years, or until
the conclusion of the war. The appeal was aceompanied by a
letter from the Secretary for War fo the Lords-Lieutenant of
Counties and Chairmen of Territorial Force County Associations,
13

14 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE "U.P.S."

asking for help in recruiting these men. They were not long
in coming forward. 1Recruits poured in at the rate of thousands
a day, and when Lord Kitchener ruade his first speech in the
tIouse of Lords on August 25 he was able to announce that
the first 100,000 had practically been secured. Never in the
history of recruiting had such a boom been witnessed. In all
parts of the country and in all classes of the community young
men laid aside their peaceful avocations at their country's call.
In these first few days many public school and university men,
uncertain how they could best help their country, and not
realizing that a greater increase in the commissioned ranks than
the military establishments could provide for must necessarily
accompany the increase in non-commissioned ranks, flocked to
the colours. This was only for a couple of days. On August
10 the first advertisements appeared in the Press calling for
junior officers. Two thousand temporary commissions were offered
by the War Office to young unmarried men between the ages
of seventeen and thirty. The offer was extended to cadets and
ex-cadets of IJniversity O.T.C.'s or Members of Universities, and
to other young men of good general education. The public
school class now saw the particular form of its duty in the
national emergency more plainly before it, and the 2,000 vacancies
were very quickly filled from this source. So great, in fact,
was the flood of applications for the limited number of com-
missions available that it soon became apparent that applicants
not immediately successful would probably have to wait a long
rime before they could hope to obtain commissions, while men
over the age of thirty were not included in the terres of the
announcement, and were, generally speaking, ruled out.
It was in these circumstances that the following letter,
signed "Eight Unattached," appeared in The Times of August 26,
three weeks after the declaration of war, when Lord Kitchener's
]First Army of 100,000 men was already nearly complete :

FORMATION OF TI-IE BRIGADE 15

To the Editor of " The Times "
SIR,
We attended the recent meeting' at !the Hotel Cecil to
consider the formation of a corps of past public schools men,
and found that the organizers only required grey-haired, spare-
rime veterans. We are between thirty and thirty-five, absolutely
fit and game for active service. The meeting showed that there
must be hundreds of men in the same position as we are, who,
between the years 1898 and 1903, were nmrksmen, and attended
the Bisley musketry camps and Aldershot training camps with
school or university corps. We have applied for conmfissions
in the nev Regulars, but find we are too old. We have offered
our services as musketry instructors, and are informed that wc
arc too young, and that none under thirty-five are selected.
After endless inquiries there seems only one way in which
our services are acceptable, and that is by joining the ranks.
Many advantages would result if we all joined the saine regiment,
and all public school men of similar age and qualifications are
invited to attend a formal meeting on Thursday next, the 27th
instant, at the address below, between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m., to
discuss the formation of a " Legion of Marksmen " with a view
to offering its services en bloc to one of the new battalions now
being formed.
We should be obliged if you would insert this invitation in
your columns.
Yours,
EGHT UNATTACHED.
59A BROOK STREET,
GROSVENOR SQUARE,

This was the origin of the Public Schools and University
Brigade, though it was soon seen that the movement eould not
be eonfined to men of the partieular age here eontemplated,
that is, between thirty and thirty-five. The eireumstanees
applied equally to all men of the publie sehool elass, irrespeetive
of age, who had failed to seeure commissions immediately, and

1 This was a meeting to promote the formation of training centres, with a view to
preparation for home defence if called upon, for ex-public school men prevented by various
ries from joining the different branches of the service.

16 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."
were not disposed to wait perhaps for months before they could
serve their country. There was no question of snobbishness
involved in this desire to serve together. The point was ex-
cellently put by a writer in The Spectator: " There is no sugges-
tion that public school men are better than others, but it is
natural to wish to spend possibly many weary months or y¢ars
with people of one's own upbringing."
The attendance at this mceting was considerably larger than
was expected, and consequently it was adjourned to Claridge's
Itotel, where the management very kindly placed a room at its
disposal.
During the discussion which ensued it became known that
six of the original "Eight Unattached" who had signed the
letter had already enlisted together in a London Territorial
Unit, and consequently were not present. The first proposal of
a few was that those present who wished to enlist should go in
a body and join the saine unit. Sevcral of the speakers, how-
ever, felt that the meeting was representative of a very large
class in the country, who vere in a similar position, and that
some larger scheme should be adopted which would give a lead
to a very large number of men who were impatiently awaiting
some such direction.
A few proposais were ruade, which entailed special privileges
being granted by the War Office; but, fortunately, some were
present who knew that such proposais would hot be considered
for a moment by the War Office, and that it was only waste
of rime to put them forwm-d. After considerable discussion,
Mr. tI. J. Boon placed before the meeting a scheme for raising
a force of 5,000 men. The following was the text:

1. Inasmuch as it is known that the applications for tem-
.porary commissions in His Majesty's Army have been greatly
n exeess of the number required, and further it is felt that
there are a great number of old publie sehool boys who are

o
o

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE 17

anxious to serve their country, but at the same rime are some-
what chary of joining the regular, army with the ordinary run
of recruits, it is proposed to ralse a Regiment of old public
school boys.
2. For the purpose of determining what schools are public
schools, all past members of these schools the names of which
appear in the current number of The Public Schools Year-book
shall be eligible for admission to this Regiment.
8. The number of boys at present members of the above
schools is in excess of 80,000, and if is, therefore, felt that
there should be little difficulty in raising a Regilnent 5,000 strong
of rive battalions.
4. The promoters of the Regiment to obtain the sanction
of the War Office to the formation of the Regiment, which shall
form part of Lord Kitchener's New Army.
5. In order to save the War Office as much work as possible,
it is suggested that the recruiting should be carried out by a
Committee to bc appointed, and that the Committee shall under-
take the medical examination of all recruits in accordance with
War Office instructions.
6. As it is a marrer of national importance that recruits
should be obtained as soon as possible, a period shall be fixed,
say fourteen days, within which every effort shall be lnade to
recruit the 5,000 men required.
7. The Central Organizing Office shall be in London, and
recruiting offices shall also be opened throughout the country.
8. The following shall be asked to render service free:
(a) Doctors, medical examination of recruits.
(b) Newspapers--free displayed appeals for recruits.
(c) Landowners--training-grounds.
9. If found practicable,, the men of various schools shall
be recruited in companies--.e, a Harrow Company, a Charter-
house Company, and so on.
10. The War Office shall be asked to sanction the recruiting
of men between the ages of twenty-one and thirty-five, and
possibly up to thirty-eight or forty, and youths between eighteen
and twenty-one, with parents' permission.
11. The Regiment to be one recruited for active service
abroad.
12. When the Regiment is at full strength an effort shall

18 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

be ruade to obtain the Royal Assent to its being named " Prin-
eess Mary's Ovn."
13. The question as fo whether the members of the Regiment
should pay for their uniforms and equipment, other than rifles
and bayonets, shall be eonsidered at a later date, and the
promoters will hot lnake any statement as to this when ealling
for reeruits.

The assembly was momentarily somewhat taken aback at this
bold suggestion, as it was a larger idea than had been thought of;
but, after a very little discussion, and being very ably seconded
by Mr. E. J. Stuart, it was unalfimously agreed that such a
proposal would prove of the utmost value to the country if it
could be effected. One of the strong points in ifs favour was
that hundreds of young publie school and university men had
applied for commissions, and that it would be a great help fo
the War Office if all such men joined one unit, so that they
could, pending acceptance or rejection of their application, hot
waste valuable rime, but get at once into training.
If was decided fo draw up the proposal in detail and place
it before the War Office for approval. The only privilege to
be asked was that the men so enlisted should be allowed to
serve together; otherwise, the unit would be exactly the saine
as the regular Infantry.
The following Committee was then elected- Messrs. J. P.
Thompson (chairman), H. J. Boon (secretary), E. J. Stuart,
Capt. George Hallett, N.R., C. F. Beal, J. W. IIenderson,
F. Warner-Abbatt, H. F. Fenn, and afterwards were added
Mr. H. Howell, Dr. Hele-Shaw, and Mr. S. M. Gluckstein.
SholoEly afterwards Mr. J. P. Thompson resigned the chairman-
ship, and proposed that Mr. H. J. Boon should accept the
chairmanship, and that Mr. tI. Howell should be the secretary.
This was carried, and Dr. Hele-Shaw was elected vice-chairman.
The first Committee-meeting was held at 66 Victoria Street,

FORMATION

OF THE

WHO SAID EPSOM ?

BRIGADE 19

_-- Westminster, at 9
a.m. the next morn-
"- ing, Friday, August
28. It was decided
that nothing could
be donc until the
sanction of the War
Office was obtained,
and, with that end
in view, the follow-
---- ing letter was
drafted to the Sec-
retary of State for
__-- War, setting forth
the proposal and re-
»._ questing permission
to proceed with the
 raising of the force.

[The "Pow-wow."

August 28, 1914.

To the Secretary of
State for lVar,
W ar Office, S. IV.

SIR
At a repre-
sentative meeting of
old public school
and university men
held last night at
Claridge's Hotel it
was unanimously re-
solved that an effort
should be ruade to
raise a force of at

20 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

least 5,000 men to form part of the new armies now being
raised.
A committee was appointed for the .p.urpose of obtaining
the sanction of the War Office to the rmsmg of such a force,
and it was further resolved that, in the event of such sanction
being obtained, that such Committee should undertake the
whole work of publicity, enrohnent, and medical examination
of recruits in accordance with the instructioas of the War
Office.
The Comnfittee are of opinion that the formation of such
a force would result in a very large number of men joining
the New Army who would hot otherwise do so. The applica-
tions for commissions bave been greatly in excess of the
vacant positions, and it is thought that those who have not yet
obtained commissions would join the tank and file of this new
force.
The Committee intend to make a widespread appeal to old
public school and university men, and will open offices through-
out the country for recruiting purposes, and, as the result of
inquiries ruade, are confident that they will succeed in raising
the whole of the 5,000 men and propose to set themselves a
fortnight within which to complete this work.
In making this appeal the Comnfittee do not wish to in
any way claire any privileges for the members of this force, and
desire to make it clear that the men vill be recruited on
exactly the saine terres and conditions as those laid down for
the new regular army.
We have the honour to remain, sir,
Your obedient servants,

This letter was brought belote the Under-Secretary for War,
through Mr. M'Kinnon Wood, and it was arranged that Mr.
13oon should meet the Seeretary of State for War on lIonday
evening at six o'eloek. This meeting proved impossible, owing
to parliamentary duties; and, as the Committee had undertaken
to have the deeision of the War Office by Monday, they ïelt that
something prompt must be done.

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE 21

If was too late fo do anything offlcial at the War Office,
therefore it was agreed that Mr. Boon should endeavour fo
obtain an interview with Lord Kitehener at his house. In this
undertaking he did not aetually sueeeed; but he saw Sir George
Arthur, who plaeed belote Lord Kitehener a eopy of the letter
already sent to him at the War Offlee, and returned with a
message :

" Go ahead, and if you can raise 10,000 rnen I shall be
ail the better pleased."

During this visit the remainder of the Committee vas
sitting waiting for an answer in Victoria Street, and the tension,
anxiety, and impatience, as well as the elated feelings when the
sueeessful result was known, rnay be imagined.
That night the real work of the Committee eomrneneed.
The first thing the Comrnittee did was to print and post up
ail over London a large poster, whieh is here reprodueed.
During the tiscussions which had taken place at the week-
end if had been deeided t.hat the effort fo raise the force
should not be eonfîned to London and its suburbs, but
should embraee the whole of the United Kingdom, and, in
faet, if did aetually beeorne world-wide, reeruits eorning
frorn as far afield as Chile, Argentina, the West Indies, and
Canada.
In order to bring the rnovement to the notice of eligible
rnen in the provinces, if was neeessary fo open recruiting offlees
in the principal eities of the United Kingdorn, so that the
whole of the country would be eovered by them, and also fo
endeavour not to leave too great a distance between sueh
reeruiting offlees.
The following letter wa sent off on the night of lIonday,

22 TttE ttlSTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

August 31, to the Lord Mayors, Provosts, and Mayors of all the
chier cities and towns in the country:
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSlTr MEN'S COIIIIITTEE,
August 28, 1914.
To His Worship the Mayor of ,
Ex-PuBLIC SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES FORCE
DEAR SIR,
I ara instructcd by my Comlnittee to send you the
cnclosed particulars rclating 4o the above force, the raising of
which has becn officially sanctioncd by the War Office, and to
say that thcy would cstcem it a favour if you would, on rcce.ipt
of this lcttcr, use your best cndcavours to obtain the services
of some ex-Public School or University man of good standing
in your town to immediatcly undcrtake the work of providing
a rccruiting office.
It has bccn dccided that all provincial rccruiting officers be
asked to give thcir services free and to place at the disposal of
the Committee suitable offices.
The proccdure to be adopted by all recruiting officers in
acccpting this position is as follows :
(1) Open rccruiting offices and to place the .posters
which will be issucd by thc Committee in pro-
nfincnt positions.
(2) Issue to the local press a notice informing intending
rccruits of thc addrcss of the rccruiting office and
thc hours bctwecn which the saine will be open.
(8) Notify the Sccrctary of the Committee at the above
address, by tclcgram if possible, of the address of
the rccruiting office and tclcphone numbcr that can
bc used in conncction with same.
() Sccure the services of a magistrate or othcr qualified
pcrsons for the pmpose of swearing in recruits.
(5) Obtain thc services of qualified mcdical practitioners
for thc purpose of carrying out the nmdical ex-
amination of recruits.
Thauking you in anticipation, I have the honour to remain,
Your Lordship's obedicnt servant,

,Sec. fo Committee.

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE 23

The response was very gratifying, and within a week re-
cruiting offices had been opened in over fifty towns. The full
lise is: Aberystwyth, Barrow, Bedford, Belfast, Birmingham,
Bournemouth, Brighton, Bristol, Buxton, Cambridge, Canterbury,
Cardiff, Carmarthen, Chehnsford, Cheltenham, Chester, Chichester,
Coventry, Denbigh, Derby, Dunbar, Durham, Eastbourne, East
Grinstead, Edinburgh, Exeter, Folkestone, Guildford, Harro-
gare, Hereford, Horsham, Hull, King's Lynn, Lincoln, Liverpool,
London, Maidstone, Manchester, Monmouth, Norwich, Oxford,
Plylnouth, Portsmouth, Reading, Redhill, Reigate, Salisbury,
Scarborough, Swansea, Tunbridge Wells, Warwick, Winchester,
Worcester, Worthing.
At an early date the question of funds arose, and after
discussion it was decided fo send a letter to the Head Masters of
the Public Schools asking for a subscription of a guinea towm'ds
the expenses of recruiting.
About forty-five Head Masters immediately responded to the
appeal. It will no doubt interest those subscribers fo lem'n that
their contributions nearly covered the initial expenses connected
with the raising of the Brigade. The remaining liabilities incurred,
amounting to over £600, were met by the recruiting rewm'ds cheque
which was sent to Brigadier-General Gordon Gihnour some months
later.
The naine adopted temporarily until the War Office gave
official designation was "The Old Public School and Univer-
sity Men's Force." This title implied that ail men enlisted
were members of a Public School or University, and so the
gre«t majority were, but the Committee decided that, as it was
impossible to define a Public School, any man of that class
should be admitted. The recruiting officers wcre asked to use
their discretion in selection of recruits. At the head recruiting
office in Victoria Street a very careful scrutiny of every appli-
cant vas adopted, and many hundreds had to be declined as

2 TIIE IIISTORY OF TIIE " U.P.S."

ineligible. Notiees appeared in most of the London and pro-
vincial papers, and special mention should be made of the assist-
ance rendered by The Mornin i Post and The Standard.
It was the desire of the Committee to make the more-
ment as widely known as possible, and within a very short
rime it became evident that, through the hearty co-operation
of the Press and the recruiting officers, their wish had been
gratified.
The work at the head office became overwhelming. In-
quiries began to pour in by letter, telegram, and telephone,
besides a continuous stream of applications in person. At rimes
these stremaas becmue crovds which completely blocked the large
area at the premises in which the offices were situated, and
overflowed into Victoria Street.
If was ïound impossible for the Committee alone fo tope
with the work, but many offers of help vere ïorthcoming from
the intending recruits, and in a very short rime an efficient staff
was organized. The correspondence alone anaounted to several
hundred letters and telegrams daily; but this was all dealt with
promptly, and the office was never closed until every letter
and telegram had been answered. In ïact, some nights the
office was not closed at ail, and very rarely did every one leave
before 2 or 8 a.m. ; under this stress of work meals were natur-
ally a problem, as for days on end some of the staff ïound it
impossible to leave the office except for a ïew short hours in
bed, and their meals consisted principally of sandwiches.
An idea of the dinaensions of the movement and of the
sentiments to which it appealed is given in a letter sent by a
member of the Committee to The Devon and Exeter Gazette about
this rime.

Old Boys of all our big Public Schools and Universities--
Eton, tIarrow, Rugby, Oxford, and Cambridge--all have rolled
up as keen as mustard. We are out to make history. "For

UHIVERSITY & PUBLIC
SCHOOLS BRIGADE

5O00

MI:N AT ONO£

The 01d Public School and University
Men's Committee makes an urgent
appeal to their fellow Public Schoel
and University men
to at once enlist in these battalions, thus upholding the
glorious traditions of their Public Schools & Universities.
TEBMS OF SERVICE.
Age on enlistmcnt 19 to 35, ex-soldiers up to 45. and certain
ex-non-commissioned offcers vp to 50. Height 5 ft. 3 in. and upwards.
Chest 34 in. at least. Must be medically fit.
GenePal Service for, the WaP.
Men enlisting for the duration of the War will be discharged
with ail convenient speed at the conclusion of the War
PAY AT ARMY RATES.
and ail married men or widovers with children will be accepted
and will drav separation allowance under Army Conditions.
HOW TO JOIN.
llcn wishing to ioin should apply at once, pcrsonally,
to thc Public 5chools E Univcrsitics Force, 66, Victoria
trcct, Westminster, London, .W., or thc ncarcst
Iecruiting Office of this Force.
GOD SAYE THI/ KIIIG !

24]

THE FIRST POSTER.

MAJOI: J. W. liENDERSON.

LIEUTENANT S. 11. GLUCI{STEIN.

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE 25

King and Country and School" is our motto. There is no
trace of snobbishness. Every one aeeepts that he is merely 
" Tommy Atkins " and is proud tobe one. The reason for out
forming battalions of ourselves is esprit de corps. Every man
will remember his old sehool, and do his utmost to keep it
level with the others in this undertaking. In this I have every
confidence in the Old Boys of all the sehools in Devon rolling
up in large numbers.

The work in the office, great as it was, was only a portion
of what had to be done by the Comnfittee. The rush of
recruits passed all expectations, and ways and means had to
be devised for coping with it.
On the first day, Tuesday, September 1, there were over
300 applicants; but it was impossible in such a short rime to
arrange for their immediate medical examination and attestation,
and they could only be told to colne again on the next day.
Wednesday's figures constituted a record; over 1,200 men were
medically examined and attested, this latter by amateurs, as
hot a single man on the Comnfittee, or amongst its assistants,
had any previous experience of such work. Telephone messages
to doctors in all parts of London met with a prompt and ready
response, and by the afternoon of that day twenty-five medical
men had arrived to give their voluntary assistance. Many doctors
offered part or all of their rime voluntarily to the Committee, and
great thanks is due to them for their patriotic work.
Additional premises were lent to the Committee at 6
Victoria Street by Dr. tIele-Shaw and Messrs. Compayne, and
also in Westminster Palace Gardens. The recruits were organized
into parties at the head office, sent for medical examination as
the doctors could deal with them, and then returned to the
head office to be sworn in by Capt. tIallett, N.R.
The next day 700 more were attested, and on Friday the
smne steady stream of recruits was flowing in when a blow
fell which at first seemed well-nigh fatal. Orders vere received

26 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

frolll the Chief Recruiting
Oflïcer, Whitehall, that ail
attestation lnust stop forth-
with, as he claimed that no
sanction had been given fo
raise the force, and that the
attestation of recruits was
most irregular. Perhaps the
Committee had been in too
great a hurry, but surely they
were right in going ahead
aïter receiving the message
they did ïrom Lord Kitchener.
Rumours began fo spread
that the force was unauthor-
ized, and the attestations
which had been ruade were
illegal, and indeed many ap-
plications were ruade asking
the Comnfittee to show their
authority. This, of course,
was impossible, as the au-

WHERE'S THAT BLANK CARTRIDGE
[The " Pow-wow."

thorization had been verbal, and great care and tact had to
be used in dealing with such inquiries. Strong representations
were, however, ruade in the right quarters, and on Wednesday,
September 9, the Army Council's authority was reeeived in
proper form. During the intervening days large numbers of
recruits were enrolled, but eould not be attested and sworn in.
Great unrest was felt by these men, and the feeling got to such
a pitch that immediate action was necessary. On September 8,
af the usual Committee Meeting, after lengthy discussion if was
unanimously resolved tlmt the only way out of the deadlock
ws again to approach Lord Kitchener direct. The following

FORiIATION OF THE BRIGADE 27

letter was written and signed by every member of the Com-
mittee, and the chairman, Mr. Boon, was deputed fo endeavour
fo gain an interview with Lord Kitchener af lais private bouse,
the Committee meantime deciding to sit until a definite decision
of some sort was obtained.

September 8, 1914.
The Right Hon. the Earl Kitchener of Khartoum, F.M., K.P.,
Secretary of State for War, War Office, S.W.
MY LOlD,
We, the undersigned lnembers of the Committee of the
Old Public Schools and University Mcn's Force, wish to call
your Lordship's urgent attention to a most serious state of
affairs existing af the present moment.
Acting under your Lordship's direct approbation and with
your cordial sanction, we have worked night and day and have
af the rime of vriting succeeded in enrolling ,000 lnen--the
most splendid material in the eyes of competent observers who
have witnessed their drills and route marches.
Af the molnent we, the Committee, after many promises,
verbal and written, are unable to get the necessary military
formalities eoncluded. We appeal to your Lordship to take
this marrer in hand yourselï immediately, and insist that the
necessary ïormalities be concluded in order that the men whom
we have enrolled shall be Inedically examined and attested af
once, thus making them part of the regular army.
We, the Committee, are prepared and are only too willing
to do all in out power fo assist the War Office in this marrer,
and, ïurther, we have offered fo arrange for the organization,
clothing, housing, and feeding the men.
We trust that this u.rgent appeal ruade on behalf of $,000
inen, whose only desire lS fo serve their count13z, will receive
your earnest personal attention.
We beg fo remain,
Your Lordship's obedient servants,

After about one hour of waiting, lIr. Boon returned and
reported that, although Lord Kitchener vas tired out, Sir George

28 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."
Arthur had a.gain befriended the Brigade by king the letter
fo him, and his a.nswr was that the marrer should have his
first attention the next morning. On September 9, as stated
above, the authority fo carry on with attestations was received
in proper form.
During the intervening days large numbers of recruits had
been enrolled, and these men were now called up for attestation
by posteard, and telegrams were sent fo all reeruiting offieers,
notifying them of the sanction reeeived fo earry on again. On
September 10 the rush was so great that Dr. Hele-Shaw
arranged fo get the loan of the Institute of Meehanieal Engineers
so as fo case the congestion. This fine building was plaeed af
the disposal of the Committee, and the medieal examination and
attestation were thus earried on in greater eomfort.
It was neeessary af once fo deal with this large body of eager
reeruits, and if was hastily deeided that drilling should immediately
commence in Hyde Park. Onlookers in Victoria Street, amount-
ing almost to a erowd itself, were amazed fo sec that, af the
word of eommand given by seleeted members of the Committee,
who knew their drill, the new reeruits fell into line and formed
fours, and were marched off. The astonishment would, perhaps,
bave been less if the public had realized that this fine body
of youth was so largely eomposed of members of the Offieers'
Training Corps of various Publie Schools.
In London parades were held every day in Hyde Park
under lIr. Westwood-Henderson and Mr. Warner-Abbatt. The
following account of the first parade is taken from The Morning
Post of September 8, 1915:

There was the unmistakable right ring in the cheers af the
first parade of the Old Publie Sehool and University lIen's
Force af the Central Hall, Westminster, yesterday morning.
The eheers were given for various people and resolutions, but
the loudest and the steadiest were kept for this message fo all

FORMATION OF TtIE BRIGADE 29

recnaits in Lord Kitchener's New Army: " We are getting ready
as quickly as we tan, and we hope to join you in the battle
line as soon as possible."
Over 2,000 mustered at this first parade. They comprised,
generally speaking, the London Contingent. Members enrolled
in the country had hot yet been called up .... And an aston-
ishly fine, vell-set-up force they are too, if yesterday's muster
is typical, lIostly above the average height, and all supple,
athletic fellovs of manifest strong lung capacity, they ruade a
capital ilnpression ....

The folloving orders vere issued by the Committee on
September 9 :

Two pm'ades vere held to-day: the first, at 10.80 for
Company Drill, the second af 2.30 for route-mareh. The turn-
out fo both pm'ades was excellent.
Various eomments were nmde by on-looke--many of whom
held high militm'y rank--expressing surprise at the soldierly
appearanee, splendid marehing, and general physique of the men,
eonsidering that they have only been enrolled during the last
week.
The Committee expeet to reeeive immediately full instruc-
tions from the War Office, whieh will enable them to eomplete
at once all the arrangements for elothing, housing, feeding, and
training the whole force. Immediately sueh instaaetions are
reeeived notices will be sent out to any man who has up to
the present only been enrolled, where and when to attend for
medieal exmnination and attestation.
The Comnfittee point out that nearly rive battalions have
been raised in a little over a week. This has entailed an
enormous amount of eorrespondenee, which is being dealt with
by an entirely voluntary staff, who are working night and day.
They would, therefore, request that all members of the above
force should assist them as mueh as possible by waiting for
instaaetions, which will be issued at a very early date.
The orders for to-day are: Battalions will fall in opposite
Knightsbridge Barraeks, in Hyde Park, to-day, Thursday, at
10.0 a.m.

It was a fine sight to see the whole of the London con-

3o TttE ttlSTORY OF TttE "U.P.S."

tingent on a route-march through London. On one occasion
the line reaehed the length of Whitehall, and some distinguished
offieers at the War Office were observed fo be very mueh im-
pressed by the men's soldierly bearing.
Some distinguishing mark was desirable for the reeruits, so
the Committee adopted a design in the form of a eardboard
dise printed with the letters U.P.S. in the form of a monogram.
This dise was worn in the button-hole attaehed by a red eord.
It soon beeame apparent that it would be impossible for
the men to parade anywhere in the neighbourhood of Victoria
Street, so the place of rendezvous was ehanged, as mentioned
above, to Hyde Park at the open spaee between the Gares and
the Statue of Achilles. But the number of men was so great that
the traffie was entirely bloeked, and an arrangement was ruade
with the police by which the open spaee in tIyde Park, adjacent
to the Knightsbridge Barraeks, was definitely granted to the
Brigade as a parade-ground.
In the provinces regular parades were also held. The out-
standing incident of these early days of training was when
Major-General Sir Franeis Lloyd inspected the London Contin-
gent, numbering over 2,000, in Hyde Park. The news was only
reeeived the night beïore, and the turn-out showed the keenness
of the men, as no speeial whip eould be issued to ensure sueeess.
The praise Major-General Sir Franeis Lloyd gave was expressed
by the words, " The finest body of men I have ever seen."
The advice which he gave was summed up in three words,
" Discipline, discipline, discipline." Two thousand men had been
brought together for the first rime during the previous nine
days, and had been already organized into eompanies and were
training under men who held no commissions, but who neverthe-
less had absolute eommand.
One of these parades was thus deseribed by a writer in The
Richmond Times :

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE 31

... When I arrived opposite the Knightsbridge Cavalry
Barracks, my footsteps were arrested by the sight of hundrcds
of young men in civilian attire drawn up in lnilitary formation.
:Each man wore a little white badge, with the letters U.P.S. on
it. This, on inquiry, stood.., for University and Pnblic
Schools Force. There were twelve companies of them, and in
my own mind I anticipated the remark of Major-General Sir
Francis Lloyd (to be uttered on the following day): "I have
never seen a nmre magnificent body of men in my lire."
There they were, nearly 2,000 of them. Many of them
over 6 feet in hei.ght, and ail of them born athletes, men whom
you could fancy in a'epresentative football or cricket teams, or
making records on the running track, or contending in classic
faces on the water. Each of them, too, with a look of set
determination on his face, denoting most unmistakably that
whatever it was they were going in for, they were going in for
it with the fixed intention of bringing it off. And when I
reflect that these " degenerates " and " decadents " of Britain
and the Empire are coming in in their tens of thonsands, I
hope that Germany will understand that England is getting
ready to be crushed on a scale which she has not hitherto
attempted.

On September 10 the late Field-]Iarshal Earl Roberts
honoured the force by visiting their headquarters in Victoria
Street. tte spent about twenty minutes in the office, talking
to the chairman and the secretary, and was so intercsted in
what he heard and sav that he promised fo go straight fo the
War Office and see what was being or could be done fo provide
the Brigade Staff and Commanding Officers. tte also said that
he would like to attend a parade of the London Battalions in
Hyde Park on the following Monday, but was unfortunately
prevented from doing so.
On Thursday and Friday the work of attestation continued,
but on Saturday, September 12, it was round that, together
with the returns received from the recruiting officers in the
provinces, the total number recruited exceeded 5,000. Thus in

82 TIIE IIISTORY OF TIIE " U.P.S."

eleven days the total number aimed at by the Committee was
reachcd. Attestations, thcrefore, wcrc stopped, as the Army
Council's authority was only for that numbcr. As, howcvcr,
applicants still callcd in good numbcrs, it was decmcd advisablc
to crcatc a waiting list. Thc numbers cntcrcd in this list in
a fcw days rcachcd between two and thrcc hundrcd.
Thc public can hardly realizc thc amount of work
that such an undcrtaking cntailed. To takc onc example
alone, prcparing and sorting out thc attestation forms neccs-
sitated further accommodation in order to deal vith the vast
number of these forms and to eomply with the War Office
regulations.
Five thousand attestation forms to be duplieated, and a
like quantity of pay-sheets and medieal history forms fo be
filled in in detail, and the knowledge that the welfare of 5,000
men depended on their aeeurate eompletion, this was enough fo
nmke the hardest worker pause. Mr. S. M. Gluekstein came fo the
reseue af this eritieal moment, and plaeed the Enpire Room
at the Troeadero af the Committee's disposal, tIere the work
was eommeneed by some fifty men under the charge of
Lawrenee Jones, who had volunteered to take this work in
hand. Owing to the faet that the Troeadero came under the
Lieensing Aet, the management would not permit work fo
continue after 11 o'eloek at night. Undaunted by this new
diffieulty, Captain Itallett obtained permissfon from the War
Office for the work fo be earried on throughout the night.
The men worke fourteen fo fifteen hours a day, and sometimes
the night through; the task was eventually eompleted, and the
whole double-indexed on the eard system and filed away under
lock and key. Mueh praise is due to the voluntary staîf,
fo Captain tIallett, who, inter alia, must have attaehed his signa-
ture fully 50,000 rimes to the various forms, and also fo the
management and staff of the Troeadero, who from page-boy to

I,

FORMATION OF THE BRIGADE

messengers did everything in their power to facilitate the work.
Some idea of its magnitude will be gained by the faet that
over 25,000 forms were filled in and dealt with, and 10,000
index-eards eolnpleted and filed, over 15 ewt. of paper being
used.

THE U.P.S. BADGE.

CHAPTER II

WORK AT THlE RlECRUITING CENTRES : THlE MOBILIZATION

WE have seen how the University and Public Schools Brigade
came to be formed, and have witnessed the remarkable answer
ruade by the whole country to the call of the Colnmittee.
We must now endeavour to place on record the individual work
of the provincial reeruiting offieers. Should any detailed men-
tion of the work aeeomplished by any of the reeruiting oflïeers
be omitted in what ïollows, it is unfortunately due to the faet
that information is missing.
Manchester (Mr. L. J. Paton, Head lIaster, the Grammar
Sehool).--Mention must first be made of the splendid response
ruade by the eity of Manehester as a whole. A very large
percentage of the recruits enlisted for the Publie Sehool Brigade
formed the 20th Battalion Royal Fusiliers. On September 1,
191, the Lord Mayor (Sir Daniel MeCabe) sent for Mr. Paton
and plaeed before hiln a letter he had reeeived from the U.P.S.
Headquarters, informing him of the formation of the Publie
Sehool Battalions, and requesting him to see what steps could
be taken to get reeruits in Manehester. Mr. Paton at once
interviewed some of his old Grammar-sehool boys at Manehester
University who were keen on the O.T.C. Foremost alnong these
was Captain J. F. H. Templar, a former Sergeant of the Sehool
contingent. A letter was at once inserted in the newspapers
calling a meeting of Publie Sehool boys at the University. This
meeting was held on September . About 150 men attended.

WORK AT THE RECRUITING CENTRES 35

AVE ATQUE VALE.

[The *° Pow-wow."

Captain Lapage, who was in command of the O.T.C. in the
absence of Sir Thonms Holland and Captain C. Ports, commanding
officer of the Manchester Grammar School, Lieut. E. Moore
Mumford (nov Captain) and the High Master of the Grammar
School vere present. The scheme of the U.P.S. Brigade was
laid before the meeting, by vhich it vas heartily received, and
a recruiting station vas at once opened at the School, the School
O.T.C. oflîcers being placed in charge by the recruiting staff
oflîcer for Manchester. It happened that at this rime the Lav
Students, the Chartered Accountants, and Incorporated Ae-

36 TtIE tIISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."
countants and the Architects were holding meetings to decide
what action they should take in the national emergency. The
scheme of the U.P.S. Brigade was placed before them, with the
result that they decided as a body to throw in their lot with
the Public School boys. Any amount of volunteer work was
forthcoming. Everybody was roped in---chaplains, doctors, magis-
trates, clerks, scouts; all were put fo work; 1,023 mcn in all
xvere enlistcd in thc course of cight working days--surely a
magnificent achicvemcnt. Then a wire from hcadquarters stopped
further proceedings. The mcn were so full of enthusiasm that
they started drilling at once, at first on Chethaln'S ground,
alongside the School, and later, since that proved too small, by
kind permission of the Parks Colnmittce, on Plates Fields.
A draft of 300 lcft at 1 a.m. on Thursday morning, Sep-
tember 17, undcr the command of Lieut. E. Moore Mumford.
They were met at Euston, and lnm-ched through fo Victoria
Station, where they found brcakfast awaiting them. The main
body lcft Manchestcr on Thursday, September 2. These
mustered on the Piccadilly flags and were addressed by the
Lord Mayor, xvho accompanied thcm in his carriage to Mayfield
Station, whcre thcy entrained for Leatherhead by special train.
Worcester.--Lieut.-Colonel J. Livingstone Wood was instru-
mental in obtaining about 120 recruits. A great many of these
were from Worcester Cathedral King's School and the Worcester
Royal Grammar School; several others came from Bromsgrove
and other parts of the county of Worcester. Lieut.-Colonel
L. Wood's son also joined the U.P.S.
Cheltenham (Colonel V. D. Griffiths, V.D.).--This town being
a great educational centre, Colonel Griffiths at once got to work.
The Public Schools in the neighbourhood are Cheltenham College,
St. Paul's Training College, and the Grammar School. Applica-
tions numbered 101, but fourteen of the men were found to be
medically unfit. Many Public School men at Cheltenham were

WORK AT THE RECRUITING CENTRES 87

also recruited by Colonel Griffiths for the Inns of Court, Artists'
Rifles, O.T.C., as xvell as for the Territorial Battalion of the
Gloucester Regiment.
Cardiff (Captain A. A. Rcad).--A recnfiting office was opened
at the college buildings; members of the college staff under-
took the clcrical work, and sevcral doctors examincd the recruits
free of cost. Thc number enlisted here xvas "2,50, about one
half of wholn were past and present students of thc University
College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, and the relnainder
men of nearly eve2¢ Public School and Univcrsity xvho were
at that rime living in South Walcs.
Derby (Mr. A. R. Flint).--At the outset Mr. Flint reclalited
146 men, who ail joined the 21st Battalion. A great number
of them had considcrable preliminary training whilst awaiting
instllctions from headqualoEers. As soon as these were received,
a very suceessful farcwell dinner was held. On the day of
departure the recruits lnarched to the town, and were given a
very enthusiastic send-off. No record was kept of the number
of men sent direct to Epsom since that departure, as no attesta-
tion was effeeted in Derby for the Brigade, Mr. Flint satisfying
himself that the applicants wcre suitable recalits and giving
theln a letter of authorization for the purpose of getting attested
at the nearest depot. It is estimated that 150 men were so
dealt with, making the total reclited from Derby and the
neighbourhood fully 300. This must be considercd an excellent
achievement.
Chelmsford (Mr. A. S. Elford).--Mr. Elford was obliged to
rely on adveloEisements which he placed in the local papers for
obtaining recruits. A great number of men he saw personally,
and these he persuaded to join, sending them to London for
attestation. Mr. Kelland helped Mr. Elford, and the total
number of recruits obtained was about 100. The men came
from evel7¢ part of Essex, some from Suffolk, and one or two

88

THE ttISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

from Cambridgeshire. Mr. Elford was asked to nominate four
officers for new field-artillery batteries. He approached several
of the recruits whom he had obtained for the Brigade, but
without success, as they all replied that they were too happy
and contented where they were to leave.
Plymouth (Mr. E. Elliot Squarc).--When it became known
in the Wcst of England that a force was to be raiscd of mcn
who had becn af a Public School or Univcrsity, a vcry con-
sidcrable body of mcn cndcavourcd to avail themselves of the
opportunity which was givcn to thcm of scrving in such a
force. A very large proportion of such men in the Wcst of
England were already serving in the Navy or Army, as thc two
principal schools in the neighbourhood of Plymouth, the Ply-
mouth and Mannamead College and the Kelly College, Tavistock,
had for many years trained their boys in a very efficient train-
ing corps attached to the colleges. Kelly College was founded
by the late Admiral Kelly with the object of giving education
principally to boys desirous of entering the services, and natur-
ally the greatcr propooEion of the old boys was serving when
war broke out, whilst Plymouth College also had a very sub-
stantial proportion of its old boys in the forces. Inquiries
from recruits were received from as far west as Penzance, and
about eighty men were enrolled and awaited the War Office
sanction before attesting. In addition to them a considerable
number from Plymouth and neighbourhood enrolled at the
Exeter recruiting office, and also at Headquarters in London.
Mention must bc ruade of the late Major F. T. C. Hill, the local
recruiting officer, who gave every assistance, and set aside a
pooEion of the recruiting office at Plymouth for the use of those
desiring fo become members of the Brigade. IV/en enlisted fronl
Provost Truro ]XIining College Institution, Camborne, and from
The Hoe Grammar School, Plymouth. It was hot necessary to
do much propaganda work to induce recruits to corne forward,

WORK AT THE RECRUITING CENTRES 89

as directly the ïact of the raising of the force was known, ail
men who were then on the waiting list for commissions at the
War Office readily ushed fo join the Corps.
Monmouth (Dr. S. Davis Taylor).--Altogether Dr. Davis
Taylor recruited about eighty men. Some of these, however,
joined other corps such as the Royal Naval Division, and the
local Territorials.
Bedford (Major J. E. Wilkinson).--About eighty-five men
were attested. Af the outbreak of war Major Wilkinson was
Assistant Secretary fo the National Service League. The
League's activities were suspended, and the office opened for
the attestation of recruits for the Public Schools Brigade.
Harrogate (Mr. Cecil Hawkins).--The Mayor of tIarrogate
asked Mr. tIawkins to take the post of recruiting officer for the
Brigade. This he willingly consented fo do. A short letter
was published by him in the local papers welcoming recruits at
the office of the Defence League, tIarrogate. The response was
immediate and gratifying, men turning up from a radius of forty
to sixty toiles, many of them on motor-cycles. Voluntary
workers already organized af the Defence League helped, and
much valuable assistance was received from the local recruiting
officer, the late Major Lindberg, who took a great interest in the
movement, and was proud fo swear in so fine a body of men.
About 110 men in ail were recruited.
Durham (the Reverend R. D. Badworçh, Head Master,
Durham School).---Ir. Badworth was asked fo take on the
duties of recruiting officer for the Northern District Durham
Centre for the U.P.S. Brigade on September 1. His duties
finished on September 23. The number of recruits obtained was
just over 150, mainly belonging fo northern schools. Most
schools of importance had, however, af least one representative
--many were induced fo enlist by a notice which appeared in
the local papers. The work was much more laborious than if

40 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

need have been for the recruits and Mr. Badworth, owing to
conflicting orders with regard to medical examination and
attestation, nearly all recruits having to pay at least two visits.
This hit some men very hard, as they came from considcrable
distances. The canses of these conflicting orders received from
headquartcrs will be understood from what has been written
above.
Briglton (Captain A. H. Belcher, Bghton College).--Captain
Bclchcr sent in approximately 80 to 100 recruits. The method
he adopted was to advertise in the local papers, and also to
circularizc all ex-members of the contingent of the Officers'
Training Corps whom hc could trace in that district from the
official lists publishcd by the War Office. Practically all the
recruits he sent in--at any rate in the first batch--had prcviously
been members of some contingent of the O.T.C.
Belfast (Cal»tain R. Stanley, R.E.).--When war broke out
Captain Stmfley was an offieer in the Queen's University,
and a request was reeeived to help in the reeruiting for the
U.P.S. Brigade. He seeured fift.y-one reeruits, when reeruiting
was sIopped, and the men were sent to Epsom as a Platoon.
Birmi,ngham (Colonel W. L. Ludlow, C.B.).No details have
been received, except that approximately 120 men were enlisted
for the Brigade at the Town Hall.
Eastbourne (Mr. W. N. Willis).Mr. Willis was in charge
of the recmiting office in Terminus lload under the direction
of Captain Orgale, the head reeruiting officer, and obtained
sanction to use his office as a district recruiting office for the
U.P.S. Fifly-three mon were enrolled by him, and many more
went direct to London to enlist after reeeiving sanction from
Mr. Willis.
Eweter (Mr. H. H. I)rew).--Mr. I)rew began reeruiting on
September 2, 1914, and was finally ordered to stop by the chier
reeruiting officer in Exeter on Februm, y 7, 1915, as a result of

'1

Il

WORK AT THE RECRUITING CENTRES ,1

an order from the G.O.C. Southern Command. During this
period he enrolled 157 men, of whom fifty-two came ff.oto the
chier western schools, such as Allhallows (Honiton), Blundell's,
Clifton, Exeter, Kelly, Newton, and Sherborne. Other schools
eontributing were Bradfield, Cheltenham, Charterhouse, Han'ow,
Haileybury, ]Ialvern, Rossall, Tonbridge, Westnfinster, Ferres,
and Glenalmond. Mr. Drew received great assistance ff'oto
retired Fleet-Surgeon H. W. B. Walsh (the Naval Medical
Examining Oflicer in Exeter), who medical]y examined all the
Exeter retraits gratuitously. Altogether about 200 rccruits were
obtained by Mr. Drew, one of whom, G. R. D. Moor, has won
the V.C., and one or two others the Military Cross.
Portsmouth (Mr. Ernest Hall).At the rime when Ir. Hall
was requested fo aet as reeruiting oflicer for the Brigade, he
was honorary secretary and recruiting oflieer fo the PooEsmouth
Battalion, which was being raised by the Mayor. This neees-
sarily prevented him from devoting much rime fo the U.P.S.,
but he was able fo send between twenty and thirty men to
Epsom.
Bristol (Mr. W. S. Paul).--Between thirty and forty reeruits
were reeeived by Mr. Paul, of whom a good number were old
boys of Clifton College.
Salisbury (Mr. W. W. Osmond).At the urgent request of
the Mayor of Salisbury (Sir. James Macklin), Mr. Osmond
eonsented to aet as honorary reeruiting officer for the U.P.S.
A short aoEiele in the two local newspapers af once attraeted
attention. Within forty-eight hours numerous calls were ruade,
and inquiries by letter and telegram received from men residing
in Salisbmy¢, Bournemouth, Winehester, Dorehester, Swindon,
Chippenham, Andover, Tidworth eamps and farther afield.
Many applicants who were over age were much disappointed in
not being aeeepted, as they were under the impression that
applicants for this Brigade would hOt be tied down to strict
ô

THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

" THIS IS THIE HAPPY WARRIOR--THIS IS HE!I "'--VVordsworlh.

age limits (how many were really over age but gave a wrong
year of birth 1]tay not be mentioned). Between twenty and
thirty men were enlisted, and doubtless many more preferred
fo go straigbt fo London and attest af Victoria Street.
King's Lynn (Mr. C. R. Leak).--Mr. Leak was asked by
Mr. R. O. Ridley, Mayor of King's Lynn, to undertake the
recruiting for the Brigade. The district was a bad one in which
fo expect to get many men. 5If. Leak advertised in all the
local papers within a radius of fifty toiles, and, unfoxoEunately for
him, came into conflict with other people who vere also recruit-
ing ïor the saine force. This trouble, however, was SOOli

WORK AT THE RECRUITING CENTRES

solved by lnaking the advertisement record that l[r. Leak was
recruiting men for the same object. About thirty men were
enlisted. Mr. Leak found that most of the eligible men had
already joined the Territorials or other Corps formed in the
district..
Guildford (Lieut.-Colonel W. Il. Sykes, late Royal Enginee's).
--Colonel Sykes worked for the Brigade in face of great diffi-
culties. Ile met with opposition froln the War Office recruiting
officer, and had no assistance from the Town Recruiting Com-
mittee. In spire of these drawbacks, an office was established
and opened on September 7, 1914. llr. Il. Clayton Manisty
rendered great assistance, as also Mr. Noel Ashley. Recruits
came in before the office vas opened, and these were sent off
fo London headquarters. In ail about forty recruits passed
through Colonel Sykes's hands, some of whom, however, pre-
ferred fo join the Sportsman's Battalion or the P.S. Special
Corps. Many others, after gaining particulars, attested in London.
On all points Guildford proved very useful, especially after good
relations were established with the official recruiting ofiàcer.
Worthing.Ir. W. E. Bennett was able to recïuit twenty-
two men for the Brigade.
Buxton.---Mr. A. Brown was able fo send about fifteen men,
some of whom came from very long distances fo enlist.
Carmarthen.--Mr. W. Sparrell worked very hard fo get
recruits, but the field was Slnall. Many men journeyed fo
London to attest, and seven were attested by 5Ir. Sparrell.
Horsham.--Captain Willialns (Chief Constable) was able to
secure betveen ten and tventy recruits.
Bournemouth.--Colonel Sir William Watts was able directly
and indirectly to send a good number of recruits to London for
attestation.
Aberystwyth.--Captain J. W. Marshall (Captain University
College of Wales O.T.C.) was handicapped in recruiting for the

TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

Brigade, as most of the men in his district were joining a
similar contingent attached to the Welsh Army Corps, riz. : the
13th Royal Welsh Fusiliers. He was, however, able to send a
few men.
One of the chier difficulties which the War Office foresaw
was finding officers for such a Brigade, bu the Committee
undcrtook fo find all officers up fo and including, if neeessary,
the tank of Major, ff'oto their own ranks. They were instructed
fo prepare a list of sueh mon as thcy considered suitable candi-
dates. Ïhis could hot be complcted until after the Brigade had
been mobilized, but eventually, with ve3z few exceptions, every
officer in the Brigade, excepting the Brigade Staï[ and Battalion
Colnmanders, was selected by the Committee from men who had
elflisted as privates, or who, though hOt actually enlisted, had
bcen on the Committee, or had assisted them in raising the
force. The Comlnittee's reeommendations as fo tank vere aceepted
by the War Office en bloc.
Critics might ask why this unheard-of procedure was
adopted. In reply, if might be asked where was the War Office
to find the men fo officer such a Brigade ? Surely ff'oto its
own ranks. Now, the Army Council, in giving authority for the
raising of the Brigade, had stipulated that the promoters should
nmke all the necessary arrmgements for clothing, feeding, equip-
ping, and housing.
When the Committee was first forined they undertook to
recruit the force, but they lmd hot anticipated the responsibility
now thrown on theln. Naturally nmny of the melnbers were
hot prepm'ed to undertake if, chiefly because they were them-
selves eligible to join the force. There was also the prospect
of financial liability. If was, therefore, decided to nmke the
necessary arrangements for the Brigade to be mobilized immedi-
ately, and to endeavour to rotin another Committee of older and
more influential men to carry out the prospective large business

THE MOBILIZATION 5

arrangements to confornl with the requirements of the Army
Council.
The Hon. Arthur Stanley, C.B., M.V.O., M.P., was persuaded
to beeome ehairnmn of this new Committee, and the Brigade owes
him a debt of gratitude for all he bas done for it, notwith-
standing his heavy duties as ehairman of the British Red Cross
Society. He immediately set to work to help in forming the
second Committee. Messrs. Gordon Sclfridge, S. M. Gluekstein,
and H. J. Boon were asked to join, and Mr. Howell was invited
to be secretary. All aceepted, and at the beginning of October
Mr. Stanley was fortunate in persuading Lord Lurgan, K.C.V.O.,
to beeome viee-chairman. IIere again the Brigade must eon-
gratulate itself on having seeured sueh valuable services, as Lord
Lurgan devoted his time to their welfare, and was able by his
great, tact and ability to promote the best of feelings between
the Brigade staff and O.C.'s of Battalions and the Committee.
5Iessrs. Gordon Selfl-idge and S. M. Gluekstein resigned after a short
time. Mr. Julian Orde, at Mr. Stanley's request, then joined the
Committee.
It is well for all the members of the Brigade who read
these lines fo east their minds baek to the last three months
of the year 1914. They had joined up, and were training af
Epsom, and were impatiently awaiting uniforms, equipment, and
so forth, whieh seemed to them at that time would never
arrive. On the other hand, the Committee had to provide these
articles; in other words, they had fo purehase in markets
already overburdened with orders from the Government, and the
wonder is how these articles were provided as soon as they were.
Iu this heavy and responsible work the kind and ever-ready
help and adviee of Mr. Stanley and Lord Lurgan were always
available, and proved invaluable. The Woodeote Park Com-
mittee generously agreed to lend, free of eost, to the Brigade a
portion of their estate at Woodeote Park, Epsom, for the

6 TE ISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

purpose of building a camp there. As it vas not possible to
erect the hutments in a veek or so, it vas proposed to the
War Office that the Brigade should be billeted in Epsom, Evell,
Ashtead, and Leatherhead. This vas agreed to, and mobiliza-
tion was decided on at once. Perhaps this was the largest piece
of vork undertaken by the original Committee. The only
assistance the War Office would give was to promise that, on
receipt of the numbers and date of departure, special trains
would be provided. Ail arrangements had to be completed by
the Committec.
The details of organization cntailed considerable discussion
and thonght, and it vas finally decided to mobilize on two
dates, Friday, September 18, for men living in London and
within easy train journey, and for a first contingent of ïrom 200
to 800 ïrom Manchester, and Thursday, September 24, for men
enlisted in the provinces. Notices were sent to every man by
post, telling him wlmt to bring with him, the date, tine, and
place of mobilization, and also a label bcaring a letter and
nurnber to be attached to his bag. The time decided on was
12 noon, and the place I-Iyde Pro'k, opposite Knightsbridge Barracks.
On the parade ground stakes were placed at intervals, each
bearing a lctter and number corresponding to those on the
labels which had been issued to the recruits. Each man, as
he arrived on the ground, deposited lais bag at its corresponding
letter and number on the stake, and then ïell in on a marker
bearing the same label. As a fixed number of labels with each
letter had been issued, the vhole of the contingent was in this
way soon pm'aded in approximately equal companies. Roll-ealls
had been prepared previously fo correspond, and the roll was
called. Absentees were thus easily ehecked; the number vas
renmrkably snmll. ]lotor-buses labelled vith the saine letters
were lined up, and the correspondingly lettered bags were loaded
up inside and on top. Thus the colunm stm'ted for Epsom.

THE MOBILIZATION 47

From this accourir if may appear that the mobilization was
a very simple marrer, and so it would have been but for the
crowd. The excitement of those early days must be remem-
bered, also the fact that for ten days or more these men had
been pm'ading in tIyde Park and route-marching through
London daily, and had caused no small stir. The orders for
mobilization had been published in the Press, and, what with
parents and relatives, onlookers and sightseers, it became almost
impossible to parade the men. But, by dint of hard work and
hearty co-operation on the part of the police, this was accom-
plished at last, and they marched off anaid the ringing cheers
of the crowd.
The second portion was mobilized in nmch the saine way,
but more expeditiously, as the first attempt had taught ifs
lessons. In many ways, however, the second mobilization was
more difficult, as the men came from all parts of the British
Isles, and were strangers to their bodies and to each other.
This detachment proceeded to Ashtead and formed later the
21st Battalion.
The last detachment, composed of the balance of the 5Ian-
chester Contingent, went straight through by special train from
Manchester fo Leatherhead, where they arrived the saine evening.
The account of the arrival and billeting of the men in
Epsom, Ashtead, and Leatherhead, and of the training therc,
is given in the following chapter.

CHAPTER III

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD

IN Epsom the 18th, 19th, and 50 per cent. of the 20th Batta-
lions svere billeted. Ashtead vas the home of the 21st Battalion
and Leatherhead of the remaining 50 per cent. of the 20th
Battalion. As stated in the previous chapter, Epsom was " in-
vaded" on September 18, 1914.
An interesting account of this " invasion" appeared in The
Epsou Herald. It is reproduced here by kind perlnission of the
Editor :

Epsom was invaded on Friday, but not by the Germans.
Through its streets there was the nmrch of many men, but they
were the sons of the British Empire. And though none of the
8,250 carried a rifle, and few were in khaki, they ail hope to
be across the water and face to face with the German hosts
in unusually quick rime. For they are very keen to be in the
fighting line, are those who are members of the recently formed
Old Public School and University Men's Force, a Brigade con-
sisting of some of the very flower of the young manhood of the
nation--fellows who bear with them the stamp of a vigorous,
healthy, athlctic lire spent in the playing-fields of England, and
on its rivers .... Epsom had its first sight of these about four
o'clock on Friday afternoon, and from then until sleep drew
the curtain clown the inhabitants had plenty to sec and talk
about. The men arrived at the 13owns Station in special
trains, and they marched via College Road and Alexandra
Road to the wide part of the High Street. Train after train
landed them at the foot of the Downs, and in ail about 8,200
arrived on Friday. The special constables of Epsom, who had
48

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 9

[The * l)ow-wow. ''
ON GUARD,
bccn mobilizcd for thc purposc, actcd as guides, and Icd the
various contingcnts safcly to thc hcart of Epsom's famous little
town .... And whcn all the componcnt parts of the invading
army had assemblcd in thc centre of the place, what a sight
the old High Strcct prcscntcd[ If has witncsscd many an
animatcd picture from thc days whcn Ncll Gwynne and all the
ïashionablcs paraded up and down, and ïrivolity rcigned suprcmc,
but it opencd ifs cycs ai somcthing new and strange on Friday.
• . . Its curiosity was first stirrcd up by sccing tcn London motor
omnibuscs arrive, packcd hot with thc usual human ïrcight, but
with soldiers' kit-bags. (all very new), and Gladstonc bags and
drcssing-cascs of varylng agc and sizc. Thcy wcrc placcd on
the road, and, as in all thcy numbcrcd more than 3,000, the
7

50 TtIE IIISTORY OF TIIE " U.P.S."

spectacle was a remarkable one, hot only for the ghosts of
]Epsom, who were providcd with q.uite a new experience, but for
the inhabitants, who had never nnagined they would see the
tIigh Street carpetcd in such a manner. And still the wonder
grew as there came marching into the street companies and
companies of men .... It may be that all the members of the
Old Public School and University Men's Force are nineteen
years old, but, if so, several of them are cxtraordinarily, young-
looking for their age. Some, when getting sworn m, may
bave forgotten the year of their nativity. If so, we are sure
the good angels who desire to sec the righteous cause of the
Allies triumph tUrned a blind eye to any little defect of
memory ....
For the purposes of billeting the town had been divided
into districts, the A (alplmbetical) Company being marehed to
the A District, the B .Company to the B District., and so on.
The men were then, in the order in which they stood in a
street, billeted in the houses in the order in which these came.
... At the saine rime as the occupants of the bouses were
speculating as to what kind of visitors they would have alloeated
to them, the lnental thoughts of the visitors were at work
speculating upon what kind of " digs" they would get, and
probably never belote in their lives did they so intently gaze
upon the dwellings of men and women with a view to gaining
some idea of the conditions within .... It was late in the
evening belote all the men got billeted. Not all were sent to
the houses, for about sixty were billeted at the Public Hall and
a number at the Co-operative Hall. A great many of the men
--some of whom had corne from Manehester--were able to sit
down at 7 or 8 o'elock fo the first meal they had had sinee
the em'ly hours of the day.

To the householders, police, and special constables of Epsom
the deep thanks of the U.P.S. are due. They greatly appre-
ciated all that these different people did to make them comfortable
and welcome, notwithstanding the very short notice, with its
consequent upsetting of domestic arrangements.
On Saturday morning the men paraded in the IIigh Street,
afterwards marching to Woodcote Park, the site of their new

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 51
bornes. There the work of forming the Battalions commenced.
It was also decided, as soon as convenient, to rebillet the men
according to Battalions. This was carried out during the week-
end.
The Brigade Office was situated in Waterloo House, that
old historie building to which in the days gone by the gay
bility came, ostensibly for the purpose of drinking Epsom's noted
waters, but in reality to participate in the revelry, gambling,
dancing, a.nd eock-fighting which prevailed both day and night.
Opposite Waterloo House is the dilapidated Tun Beer-house.
This building was commandeered and sufficiently restored internally
to nmke a serviceable Brigade Post Office.
The men were very happy in Epsom, and the kindness and
hospitality of the inhabitalffS of Epsom, Ashtead, and Leather-
head were and are still nmch appreciated. The various societies
and clubs kindly placed their rooms at the disposal of the
members of the Brigade, and many happy hours were passed in
these places. Offen have membcrs of the U.P.S., when on short
leave from the ff-ont, lnanaged to spare a few hours in order to
visit their old billets and friends.
About this rime differences arose between the nominal
officers in charge of thc Brigade and the Committee, with the
result that the whole Committee was summoned to appear at
the War Office on Sunday, Septelnber 20, af 3 p.m. At this
meeting the position of affairs was reviewed and discussed. As
a result Colonel R. Gordon Gihnour, C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O.,
Grenadier Guards, was appointed Brigadier, and a promise was
given that as soon as possible COlnmandilg officers for the
Battalion would be appointed.
On Thursday, September 2, the remaining 2,000 lnen
arrived at Ashtead and Leatherhead, the saine plan of organisa-
tion being adopted as in the case of the first party.
A sketch of conditions in Ashtead and Leatherhead appeared

52 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

in The Standard of Octobcr 1, 191, from which we nmke the
following extracts :

Ashtead is one of the most picturesque of Surrey's many
pretty villages. The shopping centre is about a toile away
from thc station, the road leading thereto being lined on either
sidc by large villa residences, standing in their own grounds
and well back from the roadway. As a matter of fact, about
80 per cent. of the houses in Ashtead are occupicd by London
business men and well-to-do tradesmen, and it will be easily
rcalised that the young public school men when thcy reached
thc villagc a week ago round that they had fallen into extremely
comfortablc billeting arrangcments. The residcnts gavc them a
cordial welcome, and as a result their liard work in the ficld
has been very largely compcnsated by the generous hospitality
of their enforced hosts.
The men stationed at Ashtead arc from public schools in
the Midland provinces, with a sprinkling of men wearing the
blue-grey uniform of the Cambridge University O.T.C. There is
also a sprinkling of men from Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
At Lcatherhead the accommodation of the contingent
stationed there is said to be admirable, and the men say that
thcy are being most hospitably treated. They are billeted in
the larger houses, and the motherly housewives cannot do too
nmch to make as comfortable as possible the lads who have
wrenched themselves away from their homes to take up service
for their country ....
Leatherhead seems to be drill mad. As soon as one arrives
at the station any rime before sunset he hears the eternal
" Left, right! left, right!" and military orders smartly rapped
out.

Lire at Ashtead was described by Private W, illiam M. t/orne in
a letter to The |Fhitby Gazette:

... Rouglfly speaking, we commence at seven, and have
section drill or physical drill; breakfast at 8; to resume drill
again at 9.30; dinner at about 12.15, after which we get a
good rest until 2.30, when the whole Battalion " fall in " on
the battalion parade ground---Ashtead Commonfor a route-

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 53

march, xvhich lasts nominally until 5 o'clock, though usually if
is a little later, xvhich, considering out objcct here is fo gct out
of the chrysalis stage of soldicrs into real useful " Tommies,"
does not marrer af all, for when we dismiss we are free until
the ncxt luorning... '.
All the drill is reminisccnt of school days and days of the
Norfl-Eastern County Schools Ofliccrs' Training Corps; but fhcn,
af limes, xve vcre ready fo shirk a little; now, hoxvcvcr, thcre
is an objcct in viexv, and xve are not drilling for drilling's sake,
we are drilling fo bccome rcady, as soon as possible, fo go
whcre fhe tacfics of fhe Huns nccessifate new forces--going in
ordcr fo make England, whcn pcace is sighted, a bctter and
happicr home. The real enjoymcnt, though, is in thc routc-
marching. In ifsclf, as somcthing fo look ai, if is "grcat"
.... We exfend, xvhcn lnarching four abreasf, over a quarfcr of
a toile comforfably. When lny own Company--Company A--
some 220 of USlnarchcd past the " billet " last xveck, if was
fhought xvc vcre nevcr going fo end, but, xvhen there are 1,200
of us marching in companies, and each company about twcnfy
yards apart, if is easy fo imagine we seeln a long rime in
getting past anywhere .... If is glorious marehing along these
lovely lanes of Surrey, with thcir lofty trees, and high, over-
hanging hedges off whieh we nalmge fo gather brambles as
we pass.

The building of the Camp in Woodcote Park vas nov
eolnmeneed, 5Iessrs. Humpbreys, Ltd., of Knightsbridge, being
the eontraetors. The preliminary work was greatly aeeelerated
by the daily assistance of between 400 and 500 men of the
Brigade, many of whom were skilled in engineering, surveying,
and draughtsnmnship. The original plan was fo build 100 huts
fo aeeommodate fifty men in each. If was, however, early
realised that a camp more or less aeeording fo War Office
plans would be a neeessity, and this eonsiderafion of course
eonsiderably lengthened the rime whieh if was originally esti-
mated would be taken in eompleting the building of the camp.
.[r. H. B. Longley, F.S.I., M.S.A., of Epsom, was appointed

54 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."
architect fo the Committee, and did excellent work, assisted by
Messrs. D. Robinson and Rayner, members of the Brigade.
The task which the Committee had undertaken was indeed a
heavy one. They had to build a camp to accommodate 5,400
men and nearly 200 officers, to equip the camp, to arrange
for an cfficient water and drainage system, to install an electric
light system, and fo make the necessary roads. In addition to
this, as rclatcd in the previous chapter, all the men's clothing
and equiplnent bad to be provided by the Comlnittee by private
purehase, and, further, most of the articles had first to be
approved by the Ordnanee and Clothing Departlnents. To add
to the Committee's worries, delay in the building of the camp
oeeurred owing to the atrocious weather conditions and inade-
quate transport facilities prevailing.
The War Office w,s inundated during all this time with
inquiries from all quarters. The Comnaittee realized that undue
referenee to the authorities for information and for authority
for one thing or another would seriously delay nmtters in the
then eongested state of the War Office, and they deeided there-
fore to go their own way, and the result proved this to be the
wisest course.
In the meantime the Brigade was in hard training although
still in mufti. To distinguish officers and N.C.O.s, the former
wore on the lapel of thcir coats red ribbon and the latter white.
The Epsom Herald gives a good idea of their appearance
and training about this I rime:

During the week the inhabitants have had more and more
confirmed their first impression that the 8,800 soldiers-in-the-
making stationed at Epsom are as fine a body of men as the
country could produce. Their average height is remarkably good,
and splendid are the gcneral physical proportions of the great
majority of the men. Many of them are wide in the shoulder
and deep in the chest, and full of the muscle that has been

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD

55

developed by hard exercise and the keen pursuit of manly
gaines . . . and as soon as one sees them swinging through the
streets of Epsom with an ease of bearing and an upright earriage
that betokens p.erfeet physieal fitness, there cornes the certain
conviction that in a few weeks' rime the members of the Old
Publie Sehools and University Force will be a magnifieent body
of soldiers. Allied to their physieal endowments are other assets.
These men who have had sueh good faeilities for the develop-
ment of the powers of the intellect as well as of the body,
are in the drilling ground showing a rapidity in absorbing what
is imparted to them by instruetors that far exeeeds the speed
in lem-ning attained in the drill-ground as a rule .... And the
people of Epsom have taken to theln beeause of the eon-
seientious, quiet manner in whieh they apply themselves fo their
training duties, and beeause they show in the houses in whieh
they are billeted eonsidcration and all the other true instinets
of gentlemen .... Any young man who is spoken of as a
" niee boy" by the lady folk may be ticketed off as a right
good sort of fellow, and, aeeording to the feminine judgment, the
members of the force now training at Epsom are--the great
majority of them -« Very niee boys." . . . Every morning during
the week the bugle has been heard sounded in the streets at
a quarter to six, and again at ten--the reveille and Lights Out.
The men have to parade eaeh morning at half-past six. The
inhabitants, when they wake to the sound of the early morning
nmsie, think it is very kind of the buglers fo eall up their
eomrades, but wonder who ealls up the buglers. Many of the
P.S. Royal Fusiliers follow their ordinary daily lire occupations
whieh do hot neeessitate such early greeting of the morn, and
this getting out of bed eaeh day about six may be among their
new experienees .... The meals during the day have been at 9,
1, and 5.80. Three meals have to be supplied, and in a number
of cases the men m'e getting a fourth, for there is a long interval
between the rime they leave off and have their third meal and
bed-time. The men cannot, without perlnission, go outside a
rive-mlle radius, aud there are certain places in the parish which
are « out of bounds."

A writer in The Standard gave an interesting account, which
is worth preserving, of fle " uniform " of the period:

5ô TttE ttlSTOR¥ OF ttE " U.P.S."

The Public Schools Corps is a strange-looking lot of men.
Thcy m-e all at Epsom in " thcir old things." Somc wcar old
.public-school scarves and collcgc swcatcrs. The populm" fancy
in hcad-covcring is thc golf-cap, usually worn wcll over the
lcft car. Thc rcst of thc raimcnt is nondcscript, bcing mostly
grcy or brown shooting or riding outfit. But the boots--thcy
wcrc madc hcavy, and thcy clatter well on thc payements.
Each " lnan " of thcsc boys is dcnotcd by a cardboard badge
which hc wcars in thc lapcl of his cour, bcaring thc lcttcrs in
bluc U.P.S. Thc officers arc disthaguishcd by a rcd sign ....

The U.P.S. was in one sense the most democratic Brigade
in the Army. Nearly all the men started level, and were pro-
moted aceording to their ability. On Oetober 11 the first lot
of rifles were reeeived200 to eaeh battalion.
At this period it was ruade known that thc following
oflïeers would constitute the staff and eommand the various
battalions.
Brigade Slaff :
Brigadicr-Gcneral R[ Gordon Gilmour, C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O.
Major H. E. Raymond.
Capt. R. /-Icrmon-/-Iodgc, M.V.O.
18th Battalion, Colonel Lord tIcnry Scott.
19th Bat.talion, Lieut.-Colonel W. Gordon.
20th Battalion, Lieut.-Colonel C. IL Bcnnctt, D.S.O.
21st Battalion, Lieut.-Colonel J. Stuart Wortley.

On October 13, 191, the King inspected the Brigade.
By tIis M,jesty's rcqucst no review movements were arranged,
thc ,500 men being seen undcr ordinary training conditions.
The 18th and 19th Battalions paraded on Epsom Downs near
the Grand Stand. The Kiug, who was accompanied by Major
Clive Wigram, inspected each company, walking down the ranks.
After a visit to Woodcote Pro'k, where two colnpanies were busy
helping to erect the huts, the King went on to Ashtead, where

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERItEAD 57

he sav the 21st ]Jattalion. Then the journey was continued
to Leatherhead, where the 20th ]3attalion was inspected. In
conversation with the officers after the inspection, the King
said he had inspected 200,000 recruits, and the members of the
Public School Brigade were the finest he had scen. Itis Majcsty
also expressed surprise at the advanced stage of thc training in
so short a time. In The London Gazette on October 26, the
following list of appointments made to the Brigade appeared:

1st Battalion.The I-Ion. George A. Akers-Douglas, to be
Adj. and temp. Capt. To be temp. Major: James Westwood-
Henderson. To be temp. Capts. : Samuel N. DMe, Harold C.
Hicks, Herbert E. Bowes-Lyon, and John G. C. Leech. To
be temp. Lieuts. : Owen Price-Edwards, Patrick M. Spcnce,
Launcelot A. Hutchinson, Rcginald C. Bcattie, and Cyril O.
Skey. To be temp. Sec. Lieuts. : Reginald G. Groom, Jolm
S. Burton, Edward P. Hallowes, Harold ]3. Baker, Henl T
Smurthwaite, James S. Annan, Thistle Robinson, Carl W. Jensen,
Donald Hazeldine, Gerard P. Hayes, Francis R. ]3acon, Humphrey
E. Bowman, Cyril F. Johnston, Cecil F. Brymer, Norman J.
Holloway, Alban C. P. Arnold, and Dudley M. H. Jewell.
2nd Battalion.--To be temp. Majors: Frank Warner-Abbatt
and Roland H. Hermon-Hodge, M.V.O. To be temp. Capts. :
Charles C. ]3radley, Frederick H. Shove, Robert W. Hammond,
George C. Shipster, Hem T M. Tuitc, Herbert Oakes-Jones, and
Reginald A. Helps. To be temp. Licuts. : John Aylmer,
Christopher ]3. Simpson, Charles H. Skey, Leonard ]3. Helder,
Edward G. ]3annister, Eric M. I. ]3uxton, and Hugh G. M.
]3radley. To be temp. Sec. Lieuts. : Charles E. S. Loxley,
John A. Robin, Cecil S. Meares, Robert A. Darney, Herbert
C. Hatton-Hall, Alfred F. Jolly, Thomas E. Maddocks, Philip
Ingoldson, Han T A. Riddle, and Edward R. Pallctt. Frederick
Patou to be temp. Q.-toaster with the hon. rank of Lieut.
3rd Battalion.--Herbert E. P. Townsend to be Adj. and
temp. Major. To be temp. Major, Edward J. Stuart. To be
temp. Capts. : Herbert H. J. Hickley, John F. H. Templer,
John R. Holden, Charles Yorston, Alfred L. Ladcnburg, William
F. Macdonald, Herbert J. Edleston, and Thomas L. ]3oyce. To
be temp. Lieuts. : George H. Spilspar-Potter, John W. Heinemann,
8

58 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

Thomas M oy l:e,
Leonard D. Cane,
Daniel L. G. Pi-
gache, George G.
Ziegler, Charles P.
Schwabe, and David
Cuthbert. To be
temp. Sec. Lieuts. :
Eric T. Wright,
Allen Maxwell, Mon-
tague tI. M. Hunter,
Clive S. Fraser,
David W. Hollings-
worth, Douglas S.
Hodgson - Jones,
Herbert Wallworth,
George W. Usher,
and BeoEl'am R.
Dclbos.
4th Battalion.--
Lieut. Sir Robert J.
M. Walker, Bt.,
Coldstream Guards,
Special Reserve, to
be Adj. and temp.
Capt. To be temp.
Majors : Herbert F.
Fenn and John C.
ttartley. To be
temp. Capts.:
George F. Beal,
Russell P. Gould,

[The « Pow-wow."
A HOPELESS DAWN.

Phipps E. Stanley, and John V. Betts. To be temp. Lieuts. : Guy
Goldthorp, ttenry Franklin, Richard tt. Whittington, Alfred G.
Revill, Christopher G. Rathbone, Guy C. N. Maekarness. To be
temp. Sec. Lieuts. : Iterbert W. Ling, ttarold W. Smith, Allen
ttarris, Richard V. ttart-Davis, Douglas ttoole, Gilbert E. R.
Meakin, Edwin R. Wilmshurst, and Lewis J. Cooke. Frederiek
Spearing to be temp. Quartermaster with the hon. tank of
Lieut.
Periodieally lectures were given to the oflîeers and men af

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 59
the Public Hall, Epsom, Drill Hall, Leatherhead, and also in
Ashtead.
We reproduce here the list of the first two courses of
lectures, in order to give some idea of the variety of subjects
included. The first course was as follows:

8ubject.
I. Health of the Soldier
2. History of the Var
3. 1870-1914
4. The Japanoso Soldior
5. Tho Kaiser as I know I-Iim
6. Tho Invasion of England

Dr. C. W. Saleoby, F.R.S.E.
Dr. H. S. Holo-Shaw, F.R.S.
M. Emilo Lesago.
Mr. A. Diosy, F.R.G.S.
Mr. Spencer Leigh-Hughos, II.P.
lIr. H. Pouncy.

The second course was of a more strictly military nature
The subjects and lecturers were:

Subject.
1. Discipline
2. Military Hygiene
3. First
4. Entrenching
5. Outposts and Scouts
6. Marching
7. Cooking
8. Explanations as to the Belligerents
and any Peculiarities regarding their
Methods of Warfare
9. Uso of Stars from a Military Point
of Viow
10. iIuskotry
11. Oporations in Winter
12. Hints regarding Lire in Camp

Lecturer.
Dr. I-I. S. Hele-Shaw, F.R.S.
Dr. C. V. Saleeby, F.R.S.E.
Dr. Davey.
 Generl Ruck, R.E., C.B.
•  Sir Edward Rabn, K.C.B.
Gcnerl Sir R. Baden-Powell, K.C.B.
Dr. H. S. Hele-Shaw, F.R.S.
lIr. Herman Senn.

Colonel Maude, R.E., C.B.

Dr. H. S. Hele-Shaw, F.R.S.
Captain Acland (late R.A.).
Colonel Mead.
Dr. C. W. Saleeby, F.R.S.E.

By the beginning of November several hundred men had
left the Brigade to take up commissions, and it had been an-
nounced that 150 members of the Brigade between the ages of
nineteen and twenty-five would be given a three months' course
of training free at Sandhurst if they were ready to take up
permanent commissions.

60 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

On Friday, November 13, lIajor-General Sir Francis Lloyd
inspected the Brigade on the Downs.
At this rime the strength of the Brigade was about 4,500.
240 luore recruits had joined, 170 being posted to the 21st
and 70 to the 20th Battalion. Nothing eventful occurred belote
Christmas, field-days, " night-ops," etc., taking up the tilne.
About this rime 5Iajor Ra.ymond lcft the Brigade and Capt.
I-Iermon-IIodge was gazetted Brigade lIajor.
Christmas leave was granted to 50 per cent. of the Brigade
and the remaindcr went on lcave at the New Year. The men
had now bcen in billets for fifteen weeks, and those who had
to spend Christmas in billets could hot speak too highly of the
hospitable manncr in which they were entertained. During the
first week in Jammry about 100 recruits arrived af Leatherhead
ff'oto 5.Ianchestcr.
About this tilne the controversy regarding commissions
came to a head and during the following months letters con-
tinually appeared in the Press on the subject, urging the country's
uced for officers and indicating the U.P.S. Brigade as the evident
source of supply. Many men were applying for commissions,
but these applications did hOt in ail cases meet with encourage-
ment froln the commanding officcrs. One correspondent writing
for The Morning Post on ]Iarch 31, 1915, stated that the Val"
Office had issued an order that the veto used so stenlly by
C.O.'s would be withdrawn for the moment, but that this order
had been contcmptuously ignored by the C.O.'s of thc U.P.S.
Brigade. The lettcr continued:

Is if to the general good of the Arlny that, af a tilne when
olTicers are urgently needed, men who should be ofiïcers should
be kept in the ranks as privates, who should fill the vacant
places ? Men of university and public school training; men
who bave been for ye«rs in the O.T.C. ; men who have handled
men, men who have lnade great sacrifice, to serve ? Certainly

BRIGADIER-GENERAL R. GORDON GIL.IOUR, C.Bo, C.V.O., D.S.O.
,60]

• -}!

.2.<
.1

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 61

not. They are in the ranks, and in the ranks they must remain.
Their C.O.'s must be eonsidered first. Neither War Oflïee
orders, nor men, nor the highest interests of the nation in peril
eount.

We quote the above in order to show the feeling that
existed amongst the general public. Many other letters to the
same effect could be cited. In fairness to the O.C.'s of Bat-
talions it shoald be stated that the Committee were in close
communication with the War Office on the subject, and that
their nfling was taken in the matter. During the second week
in January the following Brigade order appeared:

The G.O.C. is authorized by the Secretary of State for War
fo state that the Brigade is not to be utilized as an O.T.C.,
and that nothing is further from Lord Kitchener's intention
than this should be so.

About this rime over 1,000 men had left to take up coin-
missions, and no doubt this order from the War Oflïee was
intended to check the tendeney of so many of the men to apply
for commissions.
On April 15 the Committee of the Publie Sehools Brigade
replied through the Press to its many eorrespondents and crities
as follows :

PUBLIC SCHOOLS BRIGADE

REPLY TO CRITICISMS

To the Editor o[
SIR, °
Out a££ention has been ca]led fo correspondence which
bas appeared in £he Press with regard o £he sc]cction of
members of the Public Schools Brigade for commissions in £he
Army, and, in view of £he erroneous statcments which bave
bcen mde, we think tha the true position of affairs should
bc ruade known.

62 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

In September last the War Office authorized the raising of
a Brigade, to consist in all of 5,400 public school and university
men.
Recruiting was energetically carried on, and we reached a
total of very little short of that number. The need for officers
for the new Army then began to make itself apparent, and, as
was natural, in a Brigade composed practically entirely of
public school and university men, large numbers began fo be
taken from our ranks to receive commissions in other regilnents.
This went on without any check until early in the year,
when the Brigadier-General and officers of the Brigade and the
men under tbem began to fear that the Brigade had practically
been turned into an Officers' Training Corps, and approached
our Committee with a view fo ascertaining the exact position.
We therefore ruade inquiries from those in authority at
the War Office, and received assurances that the Brigade was
intended fo continue to exist as a unit., and not as an Officers'
Training Corps.
Further, ve were assured that there vas no intention of
drawing upon the Brigade for more offieers exeept in speeial
cases, of which there would only be a small number.
At that rime 1,700 men had already been reeommended for
commissions. Sinee then further need for officers had arisen.
We, realizing this, agreed fo more men being taken, and when
this new demand on us has been satisfied a total of not less
than -8,08-8 men will have been taken altogether out of out
Brigade.
We think it is only fait fo the Brigade itself and to our-
selves as a Committee to make public these faets and figures,
which speak for themselves, and surely afford a eonelusive
answer to the criticisms that have appeared fo the effect that
the Brigadier-General and his officers, and we as a Committee,
have put obstacles in the way of men obtaining commissions.
Ail the men who are fit for and desirous of commissions
have now been reeommended for appointment.
AIWHuI SwAr,Y, Chairman.
LuaGAr, Vice-Chairman.
H. J. BOON.
J. W. ORDEX
Committee o[ the Public School Brigade, Royal tusiliers,
Committee Room 65, 88 Pall Mall, S.W., April 15.

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 63
Many discussions have Caken place since Chose days by
U.P.S. men, and Che prevailing opinion is Chat if was a great
mistake hot fo have turned the Brigade in ifs infancy into an
O.T.C. There is a unanimous feeling also that the 20th Batta-
lion was hot fairly treated and a great amount of ill-feeling
was expressed in ManchesCer. Although we are unable ¢o give
the exact figures, there is no doubt that the percentage of the
lnen of this Battalion who were recommended for commissions,
compared with those of the other three Battalions, was very
small indeed.
After the above letter vas published further need arose
for officers. These were supplied, but fresh demands vere
continually ruade, and, as a result, the 18th, 19th, and 21st
Battalions were eventually disbanded in France.
Over 7,000 officers were supplied from the Brigade since
it was raised. This is a unique record, which has never been,
and probably never will be, equalled. Such a result of untiring
work on behalf of the Brigade vas far beyond the expectations
of the members of both eommittees. It would have been a
sin fo have sent the Brigade as originally raised fo the firing
line. No finer body of men was ever assembled, and it was
apparent in the early days in I-Iyde Park that the nation
possessed in the Brigade a wonderful ready-made source of
supply of offieers. No member of the old U.P.S. need regret
his eonneetion with if, and probably there are few who are
hot proud of having once been members of the famous Brigade,
and who will hOt without pleasure and regret look baek on
those happy days spent at Epsom, Ashtead, and Leatherhead.
Nor will they ever forger the hospitality and kindness of the
inhabitants of these towns, whieh ruade the many weeks spent
there pass so happily.
During January attention was direeted fo the progress ruade
in the building of the camp. It was diffieult even then fo

64 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

forecast vhen the huts vould be ready for occupation. Efforts
were concentrated on the lines designated for the 20th Battalion.
The buildings in the Farm Camp which had been allotted to
the 18th Battalion were well advanced, but much work still
remained to be donc before the quarters of either Battalion
would be fit for occupation. The outdoor work had been, and
was still, seriously delayed by the prevailing wet weather.
On Friday, January 22, Lord Kitchener, accompanied by
the French War Minister, M. Millerand, inspected the Brigade
on Epsom Downs. This inspection will not easily be forgotten
by the U.P.S., as there was a heavy sr, ow-storm at the time,
and the Downs were covered with snow several inches thick.
The inspection only lasted about rive minutes, after which Lord
Kitchener left to inspect more troops at- Aldershot. The
Epsom IIerald gave an interesting little picture of the scene :
Several years have corne and gone since the district had
such a visitation of ShOW . . . ,and the ground was well covered
• . . by the rime any one anxious to witness the inspection had
begun to make the necessary ascent. It was surprising how
many people did commence the ascent, considering the most
abnormal weather conditions. To suddenly plunge into a snow-
storm of the kind prevailing required some little courage on
the part of ladies, but quite a large number of them marched
through the snow, already several inches deep, on to the Downs,
and waited there for some time to sec Lord Kitchener. There
were the troops also to sec, but there was no march past, and
in the bad snow-storm light, the vision could envelop only
those soldiers standing close to one. Had the day been a
very clear one, the eye would have absorbed far more of the
military picture.
The Downs have not, hitherto, been the background for such
a picture, one so big, and one so breathing the spirit of serious-
ness. Seriousness and silence often go hand in hand. They
did on this occasion, and the spectators, who would not have
braved such a snow-storm for any ordinary thing, felt that
they were present at proceedings which will be remembered as
forming a notable chapter in the history of the Downs ....

111

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 65

Among those who saw the War Secretary were some of the
Belgian wounded soldiers. Thus Great Britain, France, and
Belgium had sons on the Downs on Friday, sons united by a
spirit of unconquerable confidence. When, if ever, will the
Downs again sec anything so remarkable as if sav on Friday
last ?

In an article which later appeared in Le Petit Parisien
M. Millerand was repoloEed as stating that he was able to
asceloEain that, froln a physical point of view, the troops he saw
at Epsom and Aldershot could hot be surpassed. What must
have impresscd M. Millerand during his visit to England was
not, continues the writer, the number of men already with the
colours, or flowing into the recruiting offices, but their physical
and moral qualities and the remarkablc dcgree of perfection of
thcir training ....

Not only are these men of high physical standard, however;
the rive months' training day and night in every kind of weather
under conditions whieh, except for the shells and bullets, were
praetically the saine as those experieneed by their comrades at
the front, have turned them into trained soldiers, equal fo the
very best of out own. There tan be no doubt that these
British armies are equal to the best, and, whatever may be
the resourees of Gerlnany in men, she ean never oppose to
them troops possessing the same qualities. Troops worn out
by six or seven nlonths in the field, nlen of the Landsturln, or
recruits sixteen or seventeen years old, however enthusiastie and
however patriotie, will never be able to resist them. These new
armies are essentially national and democratic, and it is because
of this that they will go into the firing line with the saine élan,
the saine bravery, and the saine spirit of sacrifice as out own
soldiers.

In January a Brigade recruiting office was opened at 20
Westminster Palace Gardens, London, S.W. This was organised
and run by the 21st Battalion, and was instrulnental in enrolling
many recruits. During this month a large portion of the tilne
was spent in digging trenehes af Caterham and Woldinghaln.
9

66 TI-IE I-IISTORY OF TI-IE " U.P.S."

I-Iere we may give a brief account of some of the more
noteworthy football matches which the Brigade played during
this pcriod. The first important match was a Rugby one
against thc Canadian contingent. The following account is from
the Pow-Wow of December 23, 191:

This match was playcd on the Richmond Athlctic Ground
on Saturday, Dcccmbcr 12, and the procccds were fo be equally
dividcd betwccn H.M. thc King of the Bclgians' Fund and the
Richmond Bclgian Rcfugecs' Fund. The ground was in nmgni-
ficcnt condition, though slightly on the soif side, whilst the
wcathcr was somcwhat misty with scarccly any brcezc. When
the gamc comlncnccd, flcrc was an attcndance of about 3,000,
which total includcd fully 1,000 U.P.S. mcn and a vcry nice
smattcring of smartly drcsscd ladics.
The teams took thc ficld just aftcr 3 o'clock, flfis being
twcnty minutes bchind the schedulcd rime for the kick-off.
Thcse spare minutes wcre enlivcncd by the U.P.S. boys singing
some of thcir drawing-rooln choruscs and shouting the step fo
any late arrivais, whilst one cntcrprising kincma opcrator thought
the waiting crowd wcll worthy of a fev special fihns. The
Canadians sportcd purple and hclio-striped jcrscys and the U.P.S.
wore rcd and black.
The tcams lincd out as follows:
Canadians : Back, Pte. tI. HogaloEh ; three-quarters, Pte.
M. Bcll-Irving, Pte. O. Fyson, Pte. A. P. Baker, Pte. Lothian ;
half-backs, Capt. F. Bournes, Pie. G. C. Grant; forwards, Pte.
L. M. Spiers, Ptc. D. H. Bell, Capt. R. Thorburn, Pte. R.
Gillcspie, Pte. C. Cremn, Pte. J. Lloyd, Pte. W. G. Grey, Capt.
Ravenhill (Capt.).
Public Schools and Universities' Brigade : Back, Pte. T. W.
L. Strothcr; thrcc-qumoEcrs, l'te. IIill, Ptc. Watt, Pte. King,
Lieut. G. G. Zicglcr; half-backs, Ptc. Sicvright and Pte. Braid-
ford; forwards, Capt. Hcincmalm, Pte. T. C. Burdctt, Ptc. J.
Ismay, Lieut. F. G. Matthcws, Pte. T. Scott, Pte. McKenzie,
Ptc. McKay, Pte. Walkcr.
Re]eree : Lieut. B. C. I-Iartley. Touch Judge: G. Rowland
tIill.
T. C. Burdctt, thc Lcicestcr forward, kicked off for the
U.P.S., and the first scrum was formcd close to the C.'s 25-line.

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD

67

MESS ORDEI/LY : " XVtIAT I ASKING FOR MORE ? "
l'TE. O. TV'IST : "' NO ; ASIKING lvOP, SOME 1 '"

[The «, low_wow.,,

This position was hot held for long, for the C.'s rushcd the ball
down to the U.'s 25 and within three minutes of the kick-off
Grant opened their scoring with a beautiful drop goal. This
early reverse put vigour into the U.'s, and, as a result of their
efforts, the C.'s were forced to touch down. Both teams were
now going at it hamnaer and tongs, the Canadian forwards show-
ing some fine bursts, with a counter brilliance of the U.'s
three-quarters in defence, the gaine being mostly contested in
the C.'s half. A free kick was awarded U.P.S. on thcir own
25, but no advantage gained.
The U.'s tried very hard to open up the gaine with some
good rounds of passing, but the C.'s tackling was exceptionally

68 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

keen and sale. One promising movement initiated on the right,
a quarter of an hour after the start, was spoilt by Watt, and
another round by the U.'s immediately after caused the C.'s
to touch down. The U.P.S. were hOt fo be denied, howeveï,
and seventeen minutes after the kick-off they notched their
first point as the result of Lieut. Ziegler cross-kicking on the
C.'s 25, so that Hill, gathering the ball and beating Irving and
Hogarth, scored behind the posts. ]3urdett took the kick, but
failed to eonvert. The U.'s eontinued fo press, and a free kick
on the C.'s 25, from a fairly easy angle, taken by 13urdett,
failed. From the 25 kick a rush was ruade by the U.P.S.,
which again foreed the C.'s to toueh down. After this, for the
first rime sinee thci" opening score, the C.'s obtained a footing
on the U.'s 25 line, where there was a brief stoppage for a C.
who was winded. Although eonfined fo their own ha.If the C.'s
forwards had pla.yed , grand gaine, and worked wonderfully hard.
The U.P.S. soon returned to the attack, their forwards
showing some fine bursts. They xvere ail but over when the
ball was kieked dead.
Following the drop out, the C.'s, by a grand forward rush,
again reaehed the U.'s 25 line, when half-time was ealled with
the score reading:
C.'s 1 dropped goal (a, points); U.P.S., 1 try (a points).
Following the re-start, the play was taken into the C.'s
half, where the U.P.S. started a round of passing--all the baeks
participating until the ball reaehed Lieut. Ziegler, who ïan well
and re-passed fo King, who seored behind the posts. Seott
eonverted. The C.'s then pressed hard and reaehed the U.P.S.
goal-line, where for some rime they worked desperately hard to
break throngh. The U.P.S. defenee was grand, and at last
they ïeaehed the half-way line, only to be driven baek again
to their own 25.
Lient. Ziegler was pl,ying a magafifieent gaine, and mainly
owing fo lais efforts mid-field was again reaehed. The gaine
was fast and furious, and the C.'s efforts were af last rewarded
by Gillespie gaining an unimproved try in the extreme left-
hand corner a quarter of an hour after the interval. This brought
the score to U.P.S. 8 points, C.'s 7 points, and the C.'s still
pressing.
The U.P.S. worked hard, but eonld hot get beyond the
half-way line. The Canadian forwards at this stage were play-

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD 69

ing finely, and, had it not been for the plucky and safe gather-
ing of the ball from their feet by Strother, they must surely
have had their efforts rewarded. The U.'s line was still in
danger, but in spite of this they elected fo play the open gaine,
and a round of passing, initiated on thcir own 25 line, passing
and re-passing, ended in Braidforth scoring under the posts and
Scott converting.
With Olfly ten minutes to go thc C.'s continued fo press,
mainly by the splendid work of their forwards, and were very
soon again close to the U.P.S. line. By this time it was be-
coming difficult fo see across the ground owing fo thc mist and
failing light. A mark, lnade by the C.'s wide out, resulted
iu Hogarth kicking a goal. Two minutes later the final whistle
sounded, with the scores standing: U.P.S., 2 goals 1 try (13
points) ; Canadians, 2 goals (1 drop), 1 lnark, and 1 try (10 points).
There was hot a man on either side who played a bad
gaine. The Canadian forwards were maglfificent, and certainly
too good for the U.P.S. back, both in the scrum and in the
open. Their rushes were full of vigour. Although outclassed,
the U.P.S. pack worked hard. Behind the scrum the U.P.S.
were a long way superior fo the C.'s. The halves took evcry
possible opportunity of opcning up the gaine, and the three-
quarters gave some good exhibitions of passing. Lieut. Ziegh'r
was the best man on the field. The defence of both teams
was good, the tackling throughout bcing clean and crisp. Both
sidcs played a good hard gaine, and the score of 13 points fo
10 in the U.P.S. favour represents fair]y the difference in the
wo tetns.
On Saturday, January 2, 1915, the Public Schools Brigade
played a Rugby match against the Northern Comlnand af
Queen's Club, and beat theln by 12 points fo 10. The pro-
eeeds of this nmtch, whieh mnounted fo over £60, were given
to the Prince of Wales's Fund. We take the following aeeount
froln The Referee of January 3:
The Public Schools Brigade, thongh hcavily handicapped
by severe lnilitary duties and restricted leave, was able to beat
the Northern Command, whom they met af Queen's Club yestcr-
day in a lnatch for the benefit of the Prince of Wales's Fund. There
was a very fair attendance, but most of the spcctators wore khaki.

70 TIlE IIISTORY OF TIlE " U.P.S."

If xvas extremely doubtful, on the previous evening, if the
Public Schools would be able to raise a team, for their training
has now entered on a serious stage, and eventually the sclected
team had to be completely reorganized. A. D. Roberts and
Il. T. Maddocks played with the Brigade for the first rime, but
both were evidcntly past their international form, and neither
ruade any mark on the gaine.
Af the start if looked as if the Public Schools Brigade
wonld have matters all its own way, for G. G. Zieglcr, the old
IIaileybury boy, was in grcat form on the right wing, and in
twenty minutes he had scorcd twice. Ilis pacc bas improved,
and he has a remarkably good stride, and for so fleet a man
he is hot easily put of[, IIc had several trics beforc he suc-
cceded, and twice he was brought dovn just outside the line,
but af last he got over near the corner flag, and a minute latcr
he scored bchid the posts, after a grcat xaan. Maddocks con-
verted the second try, but very soon afterwards the Northern
Command ruade an entry on the score sheet. The captain,
Greary-Smith, intercepted a pass in mid-field during an attack,
and after a capital run he scored behind the posts for Dingle to
convert. Af the interval the Public Schools lcd by 8 points to 5.
The Northern Colnmand had not up to this time playcd
a good gaine. The rive three-quarters only got in each other's
way, and they conld have done with the extra man in the
scrummage, for the Public Schools pack got the ball ncarly
every rime. Thc passing on both sidcs was poor, and there
was a lack of combination. The IIarlequins' gaine of throwing
the ball about answered very vell when the men bave a good
understanding and rigorously keep their places; but thc public
schoolmen lacked both these qualities, and there vere on the
other side several men of above the average pace. The result
was that the public schoolmen ruade no profit out of the policy,
and the Northern Comlnand shoved them how to intercept
passes. Early in the second half Lieut. Cannell got hold of a
ball that was being recklessly thrown about, and when, after
running some distance, he had only the full back to beat, he
passed to Dinglc, and the try was certain, Roberts hot having
the pace to catch the Durham nmn. Dingle improved thc try,
and the Comlnand led by two points.
The schoolmen ruade determined efforts to score, and kept
the play in their opponents' territory, and at last from a

EPSOM, ASItTEAD, AND LEATItERItEAD 71

scrummage near the line Braidford dropped a clever goal and
gave his side the vietory by two points, the final score being:
Publie Sehools Brigade, 2 goals (one dropped) 1 try (12 points);
Northern Command, 2 plaeed goals (10 points).
On Saturday, January 16, C Company of the 18th Battalion
of the U.P.S. played a Rugby lnateh against K and Q Com-
panies, 2nd Battalion of the Artists' Rifles, and beat them by
25 points to 9. The following aeeount is taken from The
Morning Post of the 18th:
In the match on Richmond Athletic Ground on Saturday,
the Public Schools and Artists Company fifteens showed ex-
cellent form. The Schools team from Epsom won handsomely
at the finish, but for three parts of the gaine the Artists went
very strongly, and actaally led into the second hall. It was
no mere scratch "kick up" that we saw. The forwards were
forming down quickly and swinging together on the ball as the
scrummage loosened; half-backs (scrum and flying) were always
bringing the three-quarters into action with a strategy that
tan only be attained by dint of much practice. It was skilled
Rugby af half-back, indeed, that distinguished both sides, and
where the Public Schools turned the gaine was on the three-
qumoEer line; the men knew how fo seize their chances. D.
Wellesley-Smith, of Duhvich, playing on the outside right wing,
looked the well-taught player at eve¢ turn; he was always
" there" for the pass; he fielded the ball brilliantly, and then
showed that he had the pace and the swelve. Openings developed
on that wing went a long way towards the turning of the match.
It was pleasing fo see how W. F. A. Chmnbers, of St.
Parti's, playing flying man, developed the attack before getting
his three-qum'ters under way; he has the real art of the half-
back, after the manner of Adrian Stoop, and insists upon doing
something before parting with the ball. Then E. J. G. Gibb--
another old St. Paul's boy and a good cricketer as well as a
Unionist--made a grea.t centre three-quarter, while Bamberger
an honoured naine in school boxingwas admirable in his
straight running. Nor was try-getting the only virtue possessed
by the Schools. In Barnes, who was playing right-centre fo
Wellesley-Smith, we saw a place and a drop kick of more than
normal excellence. With a following wind he showed that he

72

T/-IE /-IISTORY OF T/-IE " U.P.S."

could place a goal frorn the edge of touch, and then in the
last minute before " No-side" he dropped a goal frorn a mark
somewhere in the vieinit.y of rnid-field. No wonder the Publie
Sehools won by three goals and four tries fo three tries. Yet
the Artists ruade a fine fight of it ff'oto beginning to end.
M. E. K. Westlake, the famous Shcrborle School wicket-keeper
two summcrs ago, workcd hard to kccp the pack going; at
thc base of thc scrummage G. F. Padbury, of St. Paul's, was
vcry quick in gctting thc ball out to C. E. Wilson, the flying
hall, formcrly at Eastbourne. Wilson is a class half-back.
Eastbourne, of coursc, has bccomc one of the lcading Rugby
Schools, and it gave to Cambridge onc of its forcmost forwards
of rcccnt ycars in G. V. Carcy. Anothcr prominent Artist
outsidc thc scrummagc was Quinn, a thrcc-quartcr and a
kinsman of the Irish International. It was a fine bright match
right through thc piccc, and again we had evidence that the
rnilitary lire of thc mon makes for extra fitncss.

On Saturday, February 6, an exciting Association Match
took place, it bcing thc occasion of the Final for the Brigadier's
Challenge Cup. In this match ]3 Company, 20th ]3attalion
(Lcatherhcad), dcfcatcd C Cornpany, -°lst ]3attalion (Ashtead), by
5 goals to 3. Much intcrcst, naturally, was cxcitcd by this
match, and so we prcscrve the vcry flfll accourir givcn in The
Surrey Idvertiser of the 13th:

When the football season commenced, Brigadier-General
Gordon Gilmour (eommanding offieer of the ]3rigade) offered
a challenge eup fo be eompeted for by the various eornpanies,
and the final rie for this trophy was played on the Epso!n
Recreation Ground on Saturday aflernoon, the teams left m
being B Company, 20th Battalion (Leatherhead), and C Corn-
pany, 21st Battalion (Ashtead). The ground was in good con-
dition, eonsidering the bad weather lately experieneed, and a
large erowd attended to witness the eneounter, the majority of
the speetators being in khaki. Shortly after 2.30 p.m., the
advertised tirne for kickiug off, the tearns lined up as follows:
B Compa.ny.---Goal, Pte. Saville; backs, Ptes. Howard and
Carrer ; halve, Ptes. Hughes, Lang, and Musga'ove ; forwards, Corpl.
Shorroeks, Ptes. Hallows, Seholes, Clegg, and Sergt. Whitehead.

EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD

C Company.--Goal, Pte. Rolfe; backs, Sergt. Jones and
Pte. Ross; halves, Ptes. Kendrick, 5Iee, and Slade; forwards,
Sergt. Horton, Sergt. Hales, Ptes. Taylor, Kerr, and Jenkins.
Referee : Mr. E. G. Gayford, secretary, Surrey County A.F.A.
The opening exchanges went in favour of the Ashtead
contingent, Jenkins and Kerr especiMly distinguishing them-
selves by some fine runs on the left wing. From one of these,
after about fifteen minutes' play, Kerr opened the scoring with a
good shot. B Company pressed after this, but found Ross very
sale, he clearing his lines rime af ter rime vhen matters looked
rather dangerous. Whitehead and Clegg combined vell, and
the former had nobody but Rolfe to beat, but his final shot
from an acute angle went wide. A corner next fell to C
Company, and îrom the kick the custodian fisted out, and one
of the backs kicked down the field again. Shorrocks ruade one
or two beautiful runs after this, and Whitehead struck the post
with a good shot. From a throw-in Hallows pressed ovcr to
Whitehead, and he in turn gave to Clegg, who banged the
ball into the net from about a dozen yards out. Shortly after-
wards Shorrocks ruade off again, and passed fo his partner,
who centred well. Clegg fastened on the ball, and scored again,
thus putting his company i front. Ashtead tried hard to
pierce their opponents' defence, Jenkins working Vel T hard to
achieve this purpose; but Lang and Ross proved the stumbling-
block rime after rime, whilst, if they got past the backs, Saville
showed himself fo be very safe between the sticks. The half-
rime score was: B. Company, 2 goals; C Company, 1 goal.
Soon after the re-start the B Company îorwards swarmed
round the Ashtead goal, and Shorrocks looked like gettiag
through, but only a corner resulted. This was cleared, and,
amid .great enthusiasm, Jenkins broke away on the left, and
sent m a spanking shot, which Saville saved in a marvellous
nmnner. The gaine proceeded af a very fast pace, two corners
falling to Ashtead in quick succession. Not to be deuied,
Leatherhead came away once more, and Hallows, obtaining the
ball in a good position, gave the goalie no chance whatever with
a quick shot. Two goals behind, Ashtead roused themselves
up, and for some rime dominated the play. In less than a
minute, after good combination with their forwards, Taylor
reduced the lead with a s.plendid shot, and not long afterwards
their persistence was agaln rewarded, Jenkins equalizing with
10

7 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

a good shot, after a fine run. :From now until the finish the
.gaine was very exciting, both ends of the field being visited
m turn. Shorrocks, ttughes, and ttallows repeatedly got away
on the lcft, but either their final efforts were stopped by the
Ashtead backs, Ross especially doing well, or they shot wide of
the mark. In the closing stages Jenkins went half-back for
Ashtead, and this seemed to take all the sting out of their
attack, as he was undoubtedly the best forward on the field.
Leatherhcad appreciated the change, and, despite tIughes's knee
giving way, they scored twice more, through Whitehead and
Clegg, thc latter thus putting on 3 goals. Result: B Company,
5 goals; C Company, 3 goals.
At the conclusion of the match the cup was presented to
the winning team by Brigadier-General Gordon Gihnour, who
said he did not think he had cver seen a more keenly fought,
better contested, or better-tempered gaine than thc one they
had witnesscd that afternoon.
Pte. Saville, in accepting the cup, said, as captain of B
Company team, it gave him great pleasure to receive the cup
from the Brigadier. That was the foulh or fifth gaine they
had played in the competition, and he thought Ashtead had
given them the best gaine of the lot. tIe wished them better
luck next rime. (Cheers.)
The teams we-e afterwards photographed. A copy of this
photograph is reproduced here.

[The "' Pow-wow."
LIF]'S LITTL] U.P.S. AND DOWNS. JONES IN THtI SIXTH AT SCHOOL WAS ALV¢AYS
LOOKED UP TO BY SMITH MINOI, BUT NOW THINGS AlPE DIFFEIENT.

CHAPTER IV

THE CAMP AT EPSOM

SINCE the iuspection by Lord Kitchcner and M. Millerand no event
of particular importance took place until Saturday, February 20,
»vhen the advauce party of the 20th Battalion entered the
camp in Woodcote Park. By the folloving Thursday the vhole
of this Battalion occupied their nev quarters. A week or so
later one company of the 20th Battalion followed and on
Match 6 a second company, so that at this date about 1,600
men wcre in the hutments.
A very complete description of the camp, as it appeared
in the middle of February, vas given iu The Epsom Herald of
February 13. Part of this account is reproduced here:

It was on November 25 that a start vas ruade with the
erection of the camp in that portion of Woodcote Park hot
laid out by the ovners for golf, etc. The portion in question
is on the side of the estate adjoining the Headley Road, and
Chalk Pit Road. The 18th Battalion quarters are among the
trees near the farm, some little distance avay from the quarters
of the other three Battalions. Trees overhang many of the
buildings, which comprise the huts in which vill sleep, car,
read and vrite the members of the 18th Battalion .... This
part of the camp stands low, as compared »vith the other part,
and except on one side not much of a vie»v can be obtained.
But vhoever occupy the huts among the trees will, on fine
varm days, think they are having quite a pastoral existence.
The buildings constituting the quarters of the 18th Battalion are
dotted here and there amongst the trees, and their ari'angement
is quite different from that of the buildings forming the quarters
75

76 TI-IE I-IISTORY OF TI-IE " U.P.S."

of the other battalions. The huts of the 19th, 20th, and 21st
Battalions are in two long lines with their fronts facing each
other. Bctween the two lines is a space about. 70 feet wide.
A portion of this space is being utilized for the purposes of a
road, which will run between the huts from the tIeadley Road
entrance, to a point right away in the direction of Langley
Bottoln. If will have huts on each side for a distance of about
three-qua'tel of a toile .... The buildings of the three Battalions
in question are continuous. Thc 19th Battalion quarters are
those nearcst the main entrance froln tteadley Road, then corne
thos¢ of thc 20th BattMion, thc one which is going in first
--and thon those of the 21st. The ground is undulating, and
consequently fev of thc buildings are exactly on the sanie level,
but they practically all stand on very high ground, which is
swept by fresh air and is tonically healthy in the extreme ....
Thcre are twenty-fonr huts fo each Battalion, and each but
is 120 feet long and 20 feet wide. It has a tituber frame,
built on wooden supports, which prevcnt any part of the floor
resting on the ground. The sides of the hut are constructed
externally of corrugated iron, and lined internally with match-
boarding. The distance froln thc grooved and tongued floor-
boards to the caves is 8 feet, and fo the apex of the span
roof 10 feet. The huts, which are 80 feet apart, have hospital
windov-frames and sashes. There are also Louvre ventilators
in the gables. For heating purposes each hut has three slov-
combustion stores, and the lighting is by clectric lamps. The
roofs are of matchboard, covered by special stoneflex felt. Each
hut is fo accommodate fifty men, for sleeping and fol" meals.
Spring mattresses, palliasses, blankets, and sheets will be the
articles which will assist the men fo woo slumber. There will
be twenty-five beds in each side of a hut. Over each bed will
be a shelf, fitted with hooks. Iii the centre of the huts will be
the tables which will be used for lneals, writing, gaines, etc.
For each Battalion there are officers' quarters. In each of four
of the buildings, comprising these quarters, are eight rooms for
the officers, and one for the officers' servants. There is another
separate building for the officers' mess, reading-rooln, and lounge.
From the side of these two roonls is a corridor which leads fo
the kitchen, store-room, scullery, pantry, etc. Another set of
buildings attached fo each Battalion qualoEers comprises the
sergeants' mess. The dining-room is 86 feet by 20 feet, the

THE CAMP AT EPSOM 77

reading-room 20 ïeet by 20 ïeet, and the kitchen 20 ïeet by
20 feet. Other departments include thc beer, liquor, and other
stores. Each Battalion will also have a doctors' consulting-
room, 80 ïcet by 15 ïcet, and a waiting-room. Thcn, of course,
there must be a large place in which meals can be prcpared
for the armies of men. For the 20th and 21st Battalions there
is a double cook-house. The othcr battalions have a cook-
house each. The cook-houses have baking-ovens for roasting
purposes, and steam-jackcted pans for stews, and stcam-heated
tea-makers. These cook-houses are vcry wide and lofty build-
ings. Each Battalion will have its own shower-baths. The
men will stand in concrete troughs, 2 ïcct 6 inches by 2 feet
9 inches, and have a shower-bath, using cithcr hot or cold water
as they please. There will be galvanized iron divisions, though
the baths will be open in front. The numbcr of baths for each
Battalion is ïorty-six .... Each Battalion will have other build-
ings, including stabling for a numbcr of horscs. In these stables
will be galvanizcd iron nmngcrs, and baie bom'ds will divide
the cubicles. There will also be sheds for vehicles, harness,
forge, etc. Is it neccssary to say that a canteen, fittcd with
"wet" and " dry" bars, will ïorm pa.rt of the Battalions'
equipment ? But thc biggest building of all has not bcen
mentioned. 1 This is the recreation hall, a splendid building,
erected on most gcncrous lines. It is 180 fcct long and 60
ïcct widc, and the distance bctwcen the floor and thc caves is
22 ïeet. The roof is constructed of Bclfast wood taasses, so
that there are no pillars to break the view of any one in it.
This hall is tobe fitted with a stage, and will be very suitable
for lectures, conceoEs, picture displays, and other ïorms of cnter-
tainment. No doubt this fine camp acquisition will prove vcry
useful in a number of ways. Standing isolated ïrom the othcr
parts of the cmnp is the miniature riflc-rangc, a closed-in place,
having skylights. Thcre are rive miniature ranges in if, fitted
with Solano and bull's-eye targcts. The lcngth of the range is
100 ïeet. The cmnp is being fitted up with postal and tclephone
ïacilities, and any one who wants a newspapcr or a shave will
find that his wants can be readily attended to. A power
 The Committee round the money for this large hall by building smaller canteens
instead of large regimental institutes for each Battalion. It may be mentioned that the
camp was eventually used as a Convalescent ttospital, and this large hall was found in-
dispensable, concerts and cinematograph shows being given every night to the convalescents.

78 TI-IE I-IISTORY OF TI-IE "U.P.S."

station, to generate electricity for the 19th, 20th, and 21st
Battalions bas been ercctcd atone corner of the camp. The
18th Battalion will be supplicd with current ff'oto Epsom electri-
city main, which goes as far as Woodcotc tIouse, near wherc
the Battalion's quarters are situate. The Epsom water supply
is laid on to the camp, and, as a safeguard in case of tire,
hydrants have been fixcd in various parts. There are also
hand-grenades providcd. The camp lins bcen connected up to
Epsom's systcm of drainage, having regard to the designs pre-
pared by the War Office for typical camps .... At the outset
Humphrcys Ltd. employcd 150 men, but during the last three
months the sta.ï[ of workmcn has bccn betwecn 800 and 400,
and therc bave been two gcneral forelnen and six sub-foremen.
As everybody knows, a number of members of the Brigade,
on some days as many as 500, were sent fo the camp to assist
in the work, but latterly, being rcquircd for trcnch work else-
wherc, they lmve donc little at the camp, except help to carry
articles into the buts. Never bas a camp been erected undcr
more adverse conditions tlmn the Woodcote Park Camp...
but the whole of thc work will bc complcted in a few wecks'
tiret, and among thc military camps tlmt have becn suddenly
created in the greatest crisis in the nation's lfistory, the Wood-
cote Park camp will be considered one of the vcry best. A
Y.M.C.A. building has yet tobe erected. The Brigadier-Gcneral
and his staff will be quartcred ia the Woodcote Park House.

An interesting description of lire in the new camp xvas
furnished by R. G. P. fo The Derby Times, from whieh the
following is taken:

Our camp is composed of long structnres of wood and
corrngated iron, and we take an especial pride, in them from
the fact that we lmve taken no mean share in the vork of
constrnction. There is an avera.gc of forty-five or fiffy in a
hut, and every nmn bas a sprlng bcd, mattress, pillov, two
sheets, and four blankcts. If he cannot keep warm with thosc,
lac must put his overcoat on the bed or sleep in lais socks.
Army underclothes and what is known as " Slnall kit " have
been issued to every man, and now they are possessed of
brushes, combs, braces, and vm'ious things which are necessary

THE CAMP AT EPSOM 79

for turning a soldier out as the authorities desire to see him.
No one ean say that the huts are hot eomïortable, and there
are ïew eomplaints of sleeplessness. The boot is rather on
the other leg, and the N.C.O. in charge of the hut has not
infrequently to indulge in language not advisable in polite
eireles, saving those adorned by Bernard Shaw, belote he ean
induce his men to get up. Once out of bed, hovever, no one
has much rime to vaste. There is capital washing and sanitary
accommodation, and there are boots and buttons tobe cleaned,
chins tobe shaved, and neeks washed, to say nothing of lnaking
the beds, and then there is generally a parade about 7 o'eloek.
lIany of out men lllllSt experience a sneaking sympathy for
the servants and ehambernmids to whom, probably, they have
given plenty of unneeessary trouble in the past. All men
know now how to make beds and îold elothes, and, so far as
the bed-elothing goes, itis no light task. The blanket must
be folded lengthways, so as to present three pleats to the front,
and two blankets must be ïolded broadwa.ys, showing four
pleats; the remaining blanket eovers the spnng mattress, and
the beds must be ïolded up and plaeed against the walls in
twos. Then the pillow and sleeping elothes are wrapped up
in the mattress, whilst the sheets must be ïolded so as to show
four pleats to the front. They must be enelosed in the blankets
--whieh are blaek--so as to show plainly to the ff-ont, and all
are plaeed on the rolled bed. It eertainly seems a somewhat
eomplieated performance, and perhaps one may wonder how it
is ever going to assist a soldier in the art of fighting Germans,
but itis by no means a lengthy performance, and it eertainly
has a tendeney to induee tidiness. Prior to eoming here, I
had an abhorrenee for anything that was tidy, but tidiness has
eome as a gift now, and I have no doubt my bed looks as
well as the next; but when all the hut is eompleted the general
appearanee is very fine indeed.

On March 27 General Sir Archibald Murray, K.C.B., C.V.O.,
D.S.O., Deputy Chier of the Impcrial Staff, inspected the Brigade
on the Dovns. This inspection was a most minute and careïul
one, and such as would enable an accurate judgment tobe
formed of the forces. The Brigadier was later instructed to
express his satisfaction with vhat the General had secn, and

80 TtIE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."
to say that the General would rccommend certain steps with
a view to the Brigade being included in one of the early armies
going to the Front. The Brigadier then added the following:
"The Brigadier hopes that all ranks will realize that the pro-
ficiency of the whole Brigade may be judged by the bearing
and behaviour of the smallest mfit, and that each individual
will do his utmost to prepare and perfect himself for war."
These words of the Brigadier, coupled with the General's message,
were weleomed by the Brigade, as they were the first offieial
intimation that the Brigade was likely to get a " lnove on"
in the near future. This in due course took place, but in a
ruminer different ff'oto that expeetcd, as will be related in the
following chapter.
It is right that we shouhl writc a few lines coneerning
Brigadier-General Gordon Gilmour, C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O. The
Brigade was most fortunate in having him to command it, and
the U.P.S. em'ly realized that they possessed in him a good
soldier and moreover a friend, tIe quickly gained the highest
esteem of all serving under him. Owing to the peeuliar diffi-
eulties associated with the Brigade, General Gihnour had a by
no means enviable position fo fill. He was dependent upon
the Committee for praetieally everything that was needed by
the force, and for a soldier fo be more or less dependent on a
civilian eommittee was something quite new. Itowever, the
Conmfittee at once gained his hearty co-operation, help, and
adviee in their heavy undertaking. The questio of com-
missions, moreover, was an exceedingly delieate one, and had
fo be handled with considerable tact.
011 April 2 two and a hall battalions were iii camp. One
of the attractions at the camp was the playing of the retreat
by the little drum and file band of the 21st Battalion. As
one member stated, "The band follows the eall that is blown
each evening at sunset, by giving us one or two seleetions as

| - I||
l
I

o
o
o

o

THE CAMP AT EPSOM 81

it marches up and down the street, for I suppose I may call
our only road 'the Street.' We used to see (and hear) the
saine thing in Ashtead, but what a difference there is between
lolling out of a billet window to see the band and standing
one amongst some 2,000, more or less at attention, to see the
same band, and hear thc saine tunes up here in camp!"
"By April 15 thc whole Brigade was in camp.
As to the hospital arrmgements. At the beginning of
October 1914 the " Eastern Command requested the V.A.D.
Surrey 28 to undertake the Ambulance TranspooE of the U.P.S.
Brigade, and, thanks to the loan of cars from gentlemen in the
neighbourhood and the motor ambulance from the British Red
Cross Society, the transport of patients from Epsom to the
London Military Hospital continued without cessation for rive
months. During February 1915 Lieutenant Bradshaw Davy,
R.A.M.C., asked Mrs. Maltwood, who had been responsible for the
provision of the excellent Ambulance Transport, if a hospital
could be provided in the neighbonrhood, as he was overwhehned
by an epidemic of influenza, and it was impossible to find
room for so mmy patients in London, where the Military
tIospitals were already full of wounded from the front. Mrs.
Maltwood threw herself energetically into the scheme. Permission
was obtained from the D.D.M.S. Eastern Commmd for a hut
in the camp, to be adopted as a temporary hospital, until a
permanent hospital for the Brigade was built. The hospital was
soon equipped locally and staffed with two efficient trained nurses
and V.A.D.'s, Lady Margaret Ryder taking commmd under the
M.O.'s with Mrs. Maltwood as Lady Superintendent and Mrs. Scott
Cater as Quartermaster. The Royal Automobile Club lent their
farmhouse to these ladies, and this proved a great boon to
them.
The Surrey County Director obtained a grmt from the Surrey
Red Cross for the temporary hospital, and this grant was of very
11

82 TttE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

[The " Pow-wow."
ANIMATED SCENE IN A U.P.S. HUT HALF AN IIOUR AFTER IAEVEILLE.

great assistance in equipping it. Iareh lA was the opening day,
and the Brigadier-General and his staff paid a fornml visit.
During the two months the IIospital was open the twenty-
rive beds were eontinually filled by patients. Needless fo say,
the patients mueh appreeiated all that was done for them. The
new hospital was by this rime in course of ereetion, but was
not destined fo reeeive U.P.S. patients, as the Brigade moved
to Clipstone before ifs eompletion.
When the Brigade moved fo Clipstone if was round that
there were no military hospitals within easy reaeh of the camp.
These Surrey ladies af once volunteered to go there and organize

THE CAMP AT EPSOM 83

a similar temporary hospital. A hut more suited for the pur-
pose was round, having a kitchen and large rooms suitable for
wards providing accommodation for sixty patients. The neces-
sary equipment from Woodcote Park was conveyed north in
the ever-ready ambulance wagon, and local equipment was
lent until the War Office supplies arrived. Mrs. Scott Cater,
who actcd as Quartermaster at Epsom, did splendid work at
Clipstone; great thanks is due to her for her patriotic work.
Similar thanks is also due to Lady Margaret Ryder and Mrs.
Maltwood and the other ladies who gave their vhole rime
voluntarily for the welfare and conffort of the sick of the
Brigade.
The Brigade had nov becn in Epsom and its neighbouring
tovn fol" over thirty veeks. It vould be interesting to record
all the rumours as to its final destination that occurred during
these thirty veeks. The Egypt rulnour seems the most con-
sistent, as it was positively attested that the Seeretary had
ordered hehnets. This was only "knocked out" when the
Seeretm'y, on being asked if it were truc, stated "Oh! yes, and
I have ordered 5,000 eamels." France, Egypt, Aldershot, and
so forth were lnentioned by turns, and various others are
ehronieled in The Pow-wow. Epsoln had been renmned Upsom,
and the following dialogue, whieh appeared in The Pow-wow at
this rime, shows the feeling in the Brigade.

K. o] K.: "So you give the palm to the ----s, do you ?"
Sir J. F. : " Yes, though mind you, the Grenadiers are very fine."
K. o/ K. : " What about the London Scottish ? "
Sir J. . : " Magnificent ! "
K. o! K. : " By the bye, I don't remember hearing anything about that public school
thing, you know."
Sir J. F. : " The U.P.S. They never came out."
K. o! K. : " What ! Good Lord, they mus be still at Epsom ! "

At the beinnning of May vord came that the Brigade vas
to proceed to Clipston, near Market Hm'borough, for divisional

84 THE tIISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."
training, and a fcw officcrs wcre dcputcd fo procccd thithcr
and report on the camp, etc. It was also announccd that thc
îollowing Battalions would enter Woodcotc Pm'k on its vacation
by thc U.P.S. : 13th Esscx Rcgt. (Wcst Ham); 16th Middlcsex
(Public Schools); 17th Middlcsex (Footballcrs); 10th K.R.R.
(Church Lads' Brigade). Officcrs from thcsc Battalions arrived
at Epsom to inspcct thcir new quartcrs. In thc mcantimc
ncws had arrivcd from Clipston that no camp could bc round.
Much mcrrimcnt was causcd by this intination, and all thought
that some hugc practical jokc had bccn succcssful. A fcw
days latcr, howcvcr, aftcr tclcphonc calls, and corrcspondcncc,
information was rcccivcd that " it was much rcgrcttcd, but a
clcrical crror had bccn ruade." Thc first instruction should havc
rcad "Clipstone, ncar lIansficld."
Thc dcparturc oî thc Brigade was a source of gcnuinc regret
to thc pcoplc of Epsom. Apart from thc fact that thc ncigh-
bourhood had bcncfitcd grcatly financially from thc prcscnce
of thc Brigade, the public school mcn had madc thcmsclvcs likcd
and rcspcctcd by all, and many fricndships had bccn formcd
bctwccn thc mcn and thcir hosts. At 3s. ½d. per man per
day thc moncy spcnt on billcting alone workcd out for 5,000
mon for thirty wccks at over £177,000. Large sums of moncy,
morcovcr, wcrc spcnt with thc tradcsmcn of thc locality, and
this, in thc practical absence of racing, formcd a considcrablc
source of incomc for thc town.
Thc best description of thc dcparturc of thc Brigade ap-
pcarcd in The Epsom Her«ld, from which wc takc thc follow-
ing cxt.racts :

The exodus really began on Sunday (May 9, 1915) when
about thirty membcrs of the Brigade, belonging to the Scout
contingent, started fo walk all the distance fo Clipstone. They
had a great journey before them, and the men at the camp
turned out of their huts fo give the little party a rousing cheer

THE CAMP AT EPSOII 85

as if set forth on its long pilgrinmge. On the folloving Monday
several hundred men--about a hundred from each Battalion--
also bade adieu to the camp at Epsom. They were the advance
party, and travelled by train to Clipstone to get things in
order for the host that was confing on Wednesday.
On Monday evening the train was crowded with soldiers.
It was thought that it was going to be their last "leave"
evening, though that did hot prove to
be the case. Khaki streamed into the
place on Monday evening with a greater
force than probably it has over streamed
since the camp was opened. Every man
still in the camp was anxious to spend
an evening in the town, and this bore a
most lively appearance. Everywhere in-
habitants and soldiers were shaking hands
and bidding each other God-speed. It was
a parting of no ordinary kind, as no such
parting can be in war-time, and in such
war-time as this. But the U.P.S. men,
ever cheerful, laughed and spoke of the
days when the war would be ovcr, and
they vould certainly corne back to dear
old Epsom again, and visit those who had
been so very kind to them during their
sojourn in it. It l¥as 11o use being down-
hearted, and 200 or 300 of the men TII "eo-,,-o,."
nmrehed, four abreast, through the town, POrTrAiT OF" A U.P.S. IIAN
DIA'WING ttlS AIIEAS OF
with a banner carried in front of them.
On the white ga-ound of this banner were
the words, in big black lettering, "Farewell fo Epsom."
Some of the men had, as " musical " instruments, pots, pans,
and children's dxms, and in front of the banner rodc one of
their nmnber on horseback, a steed having been secured from
a local stable.
On Tuesday at the camp there was all the activity and
excitement natural under the circmnstances. The Brigade vas
in the throes of getting ready fo nmve away from the camp,
and there was movement everywhere .... The men who were
to leave the Woodcote Park cmnp felt that they would not
leave it without some rega'ets, and without doubts as to whether

86 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

they would ever live again in such a comfortable and prettily
situated camp. Tuesday was a day fo sharpen any feelings
of regret at leaving, for the weather, in the morning espeeially,
was lovely, and Woodeote Park was in ifs most eharming mood.
What other military camp can boast of such riches of nature
as this camp can ? For instance, what other camp bas such
a lovely carpet of bluebells ? The men, in the daylight before
the evening shadows fell, took a last look round.
Epsom Downs Station at the hour of midnight is usually
wrapped in silence, but this was not the case on Tucsday night.
Eight trains, each made up of carriages, luggage-vans, horse-
boxes and trucks for horses, werc despatched for Edwinstowe,
the nearest station for Clipstonc, betwecn 12 and 8 a.m. The
fit train lcft at 12, and there was just an hour's interval
between the dcpartures of the others. Both the inhabitants
of Epsom and the U.P.S. men, too, would have liked the de-
parture to have taken place in the day-time so that there could
have been a " regular send-oïf." As it was the departure was
witnessed by only a few persons .... The entraining of the
men was carried out in peffect order, and as each train passed
out cheers wcre raiscd by the handïul of people standing on
the platform. On the arrival of the troops at the station there
was no fuss or ceremony. Evcrything was conducted with
quietness and precision, and as the men left Epsom and went
out into the night, away from where their Brigade has been
since last Scptember, they were carefully obeying instructions
to pull down all the blinds.
Their action symbolized the
pulling down of the curtain
at the close of the work and
play performance by the U.P.S.
Brigade on the stage of
Epsom.

%

A CHEER¥ FAREWELL.
Billetrix to Private leaving for Woodcote :
" Good-bye, Sir; and when you do go to th
Front, I shall look in the Casualty List for your
naine every day. °'

The ** Pow-wow."]

CHAPTER V

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBUR r

TrIE accourir of the Brigade's departure from Epsom has been
given in the last chapter, and the laughable state of affairs
which rcsulted from the confusion of Clipston, Northalnptonshirc,
with Clipstone, Nottinghamshire, describcd. If was this latter
place, near Mansfield, that was the Brigade's real destination,
and eveutually if arrived thcre. The Clipstone Camp is fiïteen
mlles h'om Nottingham, and is pitched in a part of what is
known as the Ling Forest, about three mlles from 5Iansficld
in the direction of Clipstone, between the Clipstone motor-track
and Newlands Farm.
Arriving af Edwinstowe, and marching thence some four
mlles fo the camp, the first contingent reached their huts about
7 a.m. and the stream continued well into the aïternoon.
The first impressions of the camp were not cxactly cheering.
In addition fo the wretched weather, which was in itself suffi-
ciently depressing, the rough and unfinished condition of every
visible object seemed fo promise, hot only present discomfort,
but a vast anlount of ïuture work. " Rumour hath if," said
The Pow-wow, "that, having dropped the 'U.P.S.' we have
taken up 'C.I.S.' or 'Camp Ilnprovement Society'; and also
'that we are the official Fatigue Party fo the Army.' "
Nor did the tales of the advance paloEy, which had arrived
the previous Monday, tend fo raise the spirits of the new-colners.
Starvation seemed imminent for those lucky enough fo escape
87

88

THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S "

death by exposure. "Ilave you any complaints to make about
thc bcdding?" askcd thc officcr in The Pow-wow cartoon.
"None, sir, cxcept that it's uneatable!" was the rcply.
Thc camp was thus describcd in The Nottigham Guardian,
which scems to havc constitutcd itsclf thc chroniclcr of the
Brigadc's doings much in thc saine way as The Epsom Herald did
when the Brigade was at Epsom:

Although, to the outward eye, the big military camp at
Clipstone, ncar Mansficld, still prcsents a rough, unfinishcd ap-
pearance, the first batch of troops havc now arrived. Thc
numbcr to be stationcd hcre is not kuown, cvcn approximatcly,
but it vill probably bc ncarcr 30,000 than 20,000. Scvcral
hundrcd huts have 1)con crcctcd, and othcrs are still in the
first stages of construction, notwithstanding that the work has
1)cen gomg on ever since the 1)cginning of December. As yet
the camp is scarccly an inspiring sight. The woodcn rectangular
structures, which differ from each othcr ouly in the marrer of
sizc, are paiutcd an inconspicuous grey, and the great piles of
tituber, the toiling engines, the uueven ground, and the clang
of hammers suggest some great industrial undertaking rather
than the panoply of war. Even the lighting installation is hot
complete, and candlcs are the chier form of illuminant. The
U.P.S. are anything but plcased with their changed environ-
ment .... From this [Epsom] fo the bleak uplands of Clip-
stone, where thc skyline is only broken by pitheads, is hOt
alhlring. They confess that they have bcen having the rime
of their lives at Epsom, but they are ail good " sports," and
recognize that stern work is yet to be done.

The Brigade soon settlcd down in its new quarters, however,
none the worse for a little less comfort than it had been accus-
tomed to at Epsom. A large part of the rime was occupied
tu fatigue work of one kind or another, but plenty of real work
was done nevertheless. What spare rime remained was spent
in Mansfield, which, after a short period of probationary exami-
Ration, opened its hospitable arms and provided a most cordial
welcome.

I('ILDING TIIE IIUTS AT WOODCOTE CAMP.
[Wakefield, Epsom.

BUILDING A OOF.

[Wake field, Epsom.

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBURY 89

The îolloving account of the Mayor's welcome to the
Brigade is taken îrom The Noltingham Guardian of May 17,
1915 :

Mansfield is suffering its military invasion gladly. Somehov
or other an impression has got abroad amongst the mon of
the U.P.S. Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers now at the Clipstone
Camp that they are hot welcome to the district, and it nmy be
this has ariscn because no otïicial grecting had bccn given fo
them. Mansficld wishcs, howcvcr, to dispel this idea at once,
and yesterday the Mayor (Ald. D. II. Maltby) did so in a
few words oî warm welcome which he addresscd to about a
couple of hundred mon who were having tea in the comîortable
quarters oî the Y.M.C.A. Hall in Church Lane. His Worship
said it gave him real pleasure, on behalf of the town, to extend
a cordial wclcome fo the Public Schools Brigade of the Fusiliers,
and the pleasure was all the gTeatcr because of something which
he heard the previous day, wheu it was said that some of thc
Battalion had the imprcssion that they wcre hot wclcome in
Mansfield. He wishcd immediatcly to disabusc thcir minds of
such a mistaken impression, aud to assure thcm that thcy vcre
as welcome as the flowcrs in the spring, and he hoped thcir
stay in the town would be happy and pleasant. He was
speaking the othcr night to the Sherwood Foresters, and told
them that Mansficld was the niccst town in England; but in
the present company he nmst qualify t.hat description a little
after what he had hcard h-oto thcm about Epsom. (Laughter.)
But Mansfield was a very nicc, hcalthy town, and they would
be reccivcd very warmly by the inhabitants. The Y.M.C.A.
had done what they could to make their rooms plcasant and
attractive. The letters Y.M.C.A. hOt only rcl)resented the titlc
of the Association, but also stood îor " You Must Corne Again "
--(applause)--and he hoped they would often corne fo the hall
and make it their home.

A veek later The Nottingham Guardian, anxious to find out
what the U.P.S. men really thought of Mansfield, very naturally
turned to the pages of the veracious Pow-wow. The following
extract from the issue of May 2"¢ shovs the result of thcir
researches :
12

90 TItE HISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

[The " Pow-wow."
IROMANCE, IREALISM.
THE IIULETEEIR.
If one is to judge from the current issue of their weekly
publication, The Pow-wow, the men of the U.P.S. have leff their
hearts at Woodeote, their first military home at Epsom. But
even Woodeote was reviled in the early days when it was
"undiseiplined and wild," and it was not until they reaehed
" the land of chaos," as Clipstone is rather unkindly ealled,
that the exeellenees of the Surrey qum'ters, with its trim gardens
gay with the first spring flowers, its many friends, and its close
proximity to London, were really appreeiated.
Sunny Woodcote, home of bliss,
ttow your happy huts I miss!
sighs the camp poet, and he goes on in this melancholy remi-
niscent strain :

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBURY 91

You ropaid us for our labours, for you grow supromoly fair,
Till to gazo upon your boautios peoplo flocked from horo and thoro,
With tho golf-links as a background, and tho gardons all about,
You had many charms fo wilo us which wo now must do without.
For you'ro lost fo us for ay, and wo miss you ov'ry day,
In tho sunshino of your prosonco would that wo again could play.
The editor of The Pow-wow seems to be incorrigibly pessi-
mistic concerning his present surroundings. " What is the good
of any to-morrow that lands you in a place like Clipstone
Camp ?" he asks. Rumour hath it in another column "that
Clipstone is a dull p.lace," but that " one can always go dovn
a coal-mine"--this m reference to the ïacilities glven to the
U.P.S. to inspect the underground workings of the colliery.
The sad state of parts of the road near the camp is satirized
thus: "that the motorists of the Brigade bave arranged re-
liability trials over the road to Mansfield." The town vas
naturally curious to see wha the Editor thought about it and
the people in print; but the cautious man does hot commit
himself. " We know," he says, " but shan't tell, what 5Iansfield
thinks about us and what we think about 5leasfield."

Early in June the Brigade was inspected by 5Iajor-Gcneral
Drulnmond, for the second tilne. Hopes wcre again raiscd, and
rulnour grew and flourishcd. But thcre was no rcsult, and the
old, old qucstion--When are we going out ?--soon reappcared.
The daily routine was cnlivened, about this rime, by the
heath-fires which broke out so often in the vicinity.

As soon as the alarm is heard [says The Pow-wow.]--usually
the first or sixth timehut corporals lcad the mcn m prayer,
the objcct bcing cithcr fo induce the tire fo spread towards the
camp or to soften the heart of Jupitcr Pluvius! 5Icanwhile the
oflïcers changc into flanncls and evcntually the Battalions parade
undcr the respective B.S.SI.'s.
Men are armcd with rakes for scparating the flames, and
shovcls for digging them in, oflïccrs with complcte scts of golf-
clubs, though only niblicks are necessary.. Communication
is kep up bctwecn the paradc-ground and" the one or two
individuals who have gone withou ordcrs fo the seat of inflam-
mation, by means of signallcrs judiciously hidden in the slnoke.

92 TI-IE I-IISTORY OF TI-IE " U.P.S."

As soon as information an'ives fo the effect that nothing
further can be done, the Brigade is doubled off to see if it's true.
Thus The Pow-wow--and lnore to the same effect.
The Mansfield Chronicle of June 10 says: " The sportsmen
of the U.P.S. are thanking their lucky stars tha, in coming to
Cipstone, they have dropped into clover. They never dreamed
that they would be able to have he use of such a first-class
sports-ground as that which is attached fo the Forest Town
Institutc." Hcre we got a glimpse of the unofficial side of
camp lifc.
The wcather during he whole of June and July was good;
fine and dry, but not really over hot. As a result, every oppor-
tunity--and thcre were many--was akcn by the cricket and
temfis enthusiasts of cnjoying their respective m-ts. Bathing,
too, was a great attraction for many, and Vicars Water, the
pool just bclow the camp, was the scene of lnuch innocent
enjoyment.
The inspection by Major-Gencral Drummond and another
by Maj or-General Lawson served to put a new energy into the
general training, if they had no other result. In the absence
of any other Brigade, divisional training was of course
possible; but the Battalions did extensive attacks over the
moors and heaths at thcir disposal in preparation thercfor, and
did really acquire some skill in their various duties. The
thcoretical side was treated as well as the practical, the officers
giving lectures and talks in the evening on the aftcrnoon's
attacks.
We quote The Pow-wow once again:
" Ii was the Up$," the Captain said,
" Who pu tlle test fo tout ;
But ]usg exacgly how if was
I could no well make ou.
Bu everybody said," quoth
" That 'twas a famous victory.

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBURY 93

" lgow are there any questions you
Would like fo ask," he said.
" l'll do my best fo answer t,hem--
Or some one will instead--
That you may know as much as me
About this famous victory !

"The enemy were seen af noon
And driven back by one ;
Why did we stay till half-past thre
Before the charge was donc ?
lgay, that I cannot tell," said he,
" But 'twas a famous victory."

Besides the manœuvres, good work was donc at musketry
and bayonet-fighting, and a certain amount of firing practice
even, on a miniature range below the camp. Extensive excava-
tions some three toiles from camp, at Rufford, did at least
show some semblance fo a range; and the levelling of parade-
grounds and digging of trenches wcnt on apace.
On Sunday, Junc 13, the camp was thrown open fo the
public, and large crowds availed thcmsclves of this opportunity
of gaining a closer view.
On the following Saturday another inspection took place,
this rime by Gcneral Bruce Hamilton. Rumours flourished once
more--and once more the Brigade was doomed to disappointment.
On Friday, June 25, the first units of a new Brigade
arrived at Clipstone. The new-comers, the 99th Brigade, took
up their quarters alongside the U.P.S., or 98th Brigade, as they
now came to be called. The initials " U.P.S." had long been
a misnomer, and many had agitated for the substitution of the
title "98th Brigade." Witll the arrival of the other pmoEs
of the division this became casier, though the old naine seemed
to cling in spire of its obvious inappropriateness.
The arrival of the 99th was quickly followed by that of
vm-ious other Battalions, and the camp soon held the greater
part of a division. Before the talc was complete, however,

9 THE HISTOR¥ OF THE " U.P.S."

rumour got busy again, not altogether groundlessly; for on
August 8 the Brigade set out for its last camp in England--
Salisbury Plain. Letters of appreciation passed between General
Maude, the divisional commander, and the Mayor of Mansfield
expressing the regret of both soldiers and townsfolk at the
separation.
Here, too, we may perhaps be permitted to quote a letter
which appeared in The Pow-wow at a somewhat earlier date.
" Our Club " it is called, and we give it in full, for it expresses
so well the feelings of every nmn in the Brigade:

"I have just partaken of a most cheering repast, a couple
of eggs, bread and butter, a cup of excellent coïfce, and a
delightful littlc cake, ail for the modest expenditure of sixpence.
At the present moment I ara writing on paper, and with pen
and ink, all supplied (these for no expenditure at all) by the
saine beneficent dispensation. Around me, at other comfortable
tables, a couple of dozen men are writing. In snug arm-chairs,
or at other tables, more work-worn Fusiliers are reading the
papers and magazines so generously provided. Farther away
are some half-dozen billiard-tables, where a game nmy be had
for nix, a tobacco and cigarette counter is af hand, and a post-
box stands beside it. The dusty wayfarer, who wants re-
freshin.g, finds all that is requisite to his needs with equal
convemence.
Now where am I ? It isn't wholly a local effort. The
saine providence provided us with a refuge, a resort, and a
resting-place at Epsom. Of course it's the Y.][. Theologically
speaking, I bave no business here. Nor, probably, have many
of the others. Yet never once, either here or in out former
abodc, has one single word designed to discover or alter my
beliefs been uttered or implied.
When I say not wholly local, I ara leaving roo:u for grati-
tude to the ]çansfield ladies and gentlemen, who so unselfishly
devote their rime and trouble to out welfare and happiness.
No café or hotel in the town can hold a candle to the prom.pt-
ness and obligingness of the service, or the quality and pnce
of the provisions.
We are apt to take kindness rather for granted. Neverthe-

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBURY 95

less, these devoted philanthropists nmy, I ana confident, be
assured that, even if we don't show it, we are grateful, and
that our acceptance of it all, as if we expected it, is the highest
unconscious compliment we could possibly pay.
(Signed) FUSlLIEI.

The Brigade took up its duties at Salisbury with a new
enthusiasln somewhat akin to the old spirit of those far-off
first days at Epsom, Leatherhead, and Ashtead.
Pessimisln was rife; but,, aftcr all, Salisbury is Salisbury!
No one could deny that! Colnfortably housed in barracks, with
the spccials--signallcrs, M.B.S., ctc.--under canvas ncar by, work
proccedcd rapidly. Firing on thc ranges altcrnated with bayonct-
fighting and other essential forms of military training, and the
discolnforts of bad food and unwelcome visitors wcre soon forgotten
in the expectation of approaching departurc.
The months spent on Salisbury Plain linger in the memory
chiefly as a period of hard training, during which the division
was welded together, while individually the lnen were hardened
to conditions approxilnating to active service as far as possible.
There wcre days when they marched wearily, with much halting,
on a route which always seemed to circle round Sidbury Hill,
deployed, if they were unlucky, or rested cheerfully if the
higher command gave them the position of divisional reserve,
and returned in t, he evening to bala'acks. There were other
days when they did hot march in at dusk, but bivouacked in
cold and wind-swept fields, to sleep uneasily and continue the
marching or mock-fighting in the grey light of dawn. More
utterly miserable than the.se were the days and nights spent
in the cold, chalk trench-system dug for training in the slopes
round Bedlam Buildings. These exercises were presulnably in-
tended to accustom the men to active service conditions; if
so, they erred on the side of thoroughness. Melnbers of the
Brigade have stated that they cannot relnelnber any nights so

CLIPSTONE AND SALISBURY 97

[The " Pow-wow.'"
THE U.P.S. LANDSTU1AM.

to Everleigh, with tea o1" other refreshment at the "Crown," was
deselwedly popular, and there were many such pleasant villages
outside the radius within which civilians treated the men of
the Brigade as Kipling once indicated that peace-time rankers
are treated. Some one is reported to have said that even af
the end of 1915 some civilians still regarded the King's uniform
as next-of-kin to the convict's garb.
Towards the close came final leave, a glorious week away
ïrom the Army, followed by farewell dinners in barracks and
ail the business of mobilization. The men added to their
equipment, ammunition, bivouac ground-sheets, spare clothing,
and significant trifles such as pay-books and identification discs.
On the other hand, they gave up unnecessary luxuries such as
spare uniforms and boots. Even then the weight of the out-
fit seelned intolerable, even after the long training of marches
with pack and rifle.
Finally came the gloomy molnent of departure. It was the
moment the U.P.S. men had once longed for, and even if their
keenness had neared the vanishing point in the long boredom
18

98 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

of training, spirits were high vhen the day of embarkation
arrived. They might even have lcït in the same exulting
enthusiasm of earlier divisions if the Lancers' oîfcr had been
accepted and their band had playcd them out. But such
simple pageantry was hot to be. Thc U.P.S. Brigade marched
slowly out of barracks af midnight, silent, with even a single
chccr forbidden. St.range ending fo fifteen months of prepara-
tion for the imminent test of war!

[The " Pow-wow.'"
CHI:IISTIIAS POST OI:IDEI:ILY.

CHAPTER VI

THE DEPARTURE

FoR some rime the vm'ied hm'monies of ntmour had faded before
one dominant note. Egypt, Africa, Timbuctoo---all units in thc
harmonic scheme of movcment--had become merged in the
insistent beat of " France."
It was no longer a question of months, nor even of weeks.
At last it was possible to think in days, days full to the last
hour. Training was kept up as usual, but spare moments were
utilized for the ehanging of elothing and equipment and the
arrangement of the preliminaries to the great adventure.
At last THE DAY arrived. Thcre was nothing unusual about
it. No flights of eagles stm'tled the superstitious, as a wag put
it. There was nothing to foretell its end.
Late in the afternoon three privates might have been seen
motoring towards Pewsey in a rmnshackle cm'. They were
going to celebrate their fourth farewell dinner. An old inn
was the scene of their celebration, and in the quiet parlour
before a great tire that leapt checrfully at the black-throated
chimney they drank the same healths and ruade the same
vows that they had drunken and nmde three rimes before,
and the evening passed magically and swiftly, as such evenings
do. Jocularly they told the landlord that he must reserve the
room for them on the saine day next week, and--singing lustily
-clambered into their old car, and made off through the frosty
night-air. All the way their voices sounded to the hum of
99

[The « Pow-wow."
OUR LADY OF IUMOUIS.

I00

THE DEPARTURE 101

the engine, and the trees flung back snatches of old school
songs.
If was a memorable ride. As they neared the barracks
their songs grew wilder, until they realized, by the answering
clamour from window and balcony, that something was afoot.
"Where the  have you been ?" a gruff voice asked.
" You'd better get insidc; only just in rime, that's all."
The news was soon imparted. Early in the evening, while
they had been sitting happily in mock celebration of " The
Day," orders had corne through. The Brigade was fo proceed
overseas. Parade would be af 2 a.m., and in the interval
barracks were fo be cleared of stores.
Gradually the dust and din of thc work died down, and
in room after room men sat af a last table playing cards or
discussing the possibilities of to-morrow. Time fled quickly,
and the boisterous and the quiet alike were soon shouldering
packs and rifles ready for parade.
It was a dark night and cold, with a slight mist; and as
the men passed out of the circle of lights towards the barrack
square, they seemed fo fade into the blackness, shadows among
the shadows. There they were, the men who had splng fo
answer the call af the end of August 191. It was now No-
vember 1915. They were a jolly crowd. "Good luck fo
them all, good luck, and a sale return."
To France, now they are off. It's nothing like what they
expected, nothing like what they hoped if would be, and nothing
like what if ought fo have been. They should have gone as
they had seen others go, with music and laughter and cheers;
but, instead, they crept out of barracks af midnight silently
and secretly. The order was, no talking, no singing, no smoking.
No one felt like a hero; the feeling was more like being one
of a band of criminals. There was a good deal of whispered
resentment running through the ranks as the men trudged

102 THE HISTORY OF THE "U.P.S."

along the road to Ludgershall (they didn't have the luck to
go from the nearest station), but it died down and depression
seemed to be on every one.
They did have a "send off," though. During a short halt
in a street in Ludgershall a window of a house, close to where
one of the platoons was standing, was suddenly opened and a
woman's voiee was heard: " Are you the Fussies 9. ,, " Yes,"
said some one in a hoarse whisper. " Good-bye and good luek,"
came the answer. "Stop that talking," snapped out some
bad-tempered offieer or N.C.O. The men moved on again. That
voiee had eheered them a good deal, and those in front heard it
greeting the men behind as they came abreast of the window.
The station, the train, all are aboard, and at last the train
moves off. Spirits are once more as they had always been
in the U.P.S.--high, very high. The men sang and smoked and
slept. That is, they slept until the eold awakened them, then
ruade tea with their " Tommy's Cookers."
With every yard nearer to France spirits arose. The girls
at  who gave the men tea and sandwiches, the women and
ehildren at Folkestone who eheered them as the train tan past
their houses to the quay, and the exeitement of embarking on
the troop-ship soon ruade them forger their previous gloom.
The passage aeross the Straits was immensely enjoyed by ail
on deek. The destroyer and the airships provided novelties
enough for any one. Some of the men below deeks did not
altogether enjoy the erossing, but the diseomfort was not for long.
France is sighted. The destroyer leaves the transport. At
last, Calais, France! the front! No, not yet hours in an
uncomfortable train going back to Boulogne. Back, away from
the fighting, that didn't suit the men; but then, were they
not the U.P.S. ? Didn't the authorities always do the wrong
thing 9. Of course.
However, here they were at Boulogne, marching through

THE DEPARTURE 103

the streets, up a hill to a rest-camp. They had a good recep-
tion from the French people, and especially from the children,
who ran beside the men and held their hands and chatted
incessantly, their chief conversation being " biscuit, souvenir."
So the U.P.S. arrived at the rest-camp near the observatory.
The rest part of it was, what they soon learned to call " na-pooh."
The next day they did innumerable parades, and a terrible
route-march. "I think that march," said one of them, " was
the hardest piece of work we had done, or ever did." That
night there was a heavy fall of snow, which ruade a mess of
things. If melted rapidly, and the men got fairly wet packing
up the next morning, which they had to do in the open, as
there is hardly room in a bell-tent for ten or a dozen men to
move about freely. They were off by about eight o'clock, and
ïan to the station. It was nota march by any means. There
was a horrible road to traverse, simply a river of mud, and
by the rime the station was in sight the men were quite wet
with perspiration, and then, of course, had to wait about an
hour and a half for the train. The real British Army way.
They were glad when the train of horse-trucks arrived, glad
to get into them. They were more glad to leave the,.n and
tumble out into the darkness and the rain, which was now
falling steadily. Think of it, the whole of a day in a horse-
box, forty-two in one box. Will they ever forget the legend,
"8 chevaux, 82 hommes"?
Then billets in stables and barns at Thiennes. The guns
could be heard now, and queer flickerings in the sky could be
seen. Strange stories of soldiers and fighting were told by
the estaminet keepers. All very vague and unreliable.
Another day's march and more billets, as before. Then
another day's march and the barracks in Bethune--a dirty
hole, with part of the roof removed by a German shell. The
U.P.S. were really in touch with the war now. A large part

105 TttE ttISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

of the town was already in ruins, and shells were sent fairly
regularly, apparently as a sort of greeting.
On again. Right into the trenches this time. Those eight
kilomètres seemed absurdly short ones, and still all were keen
to be in the fighting. This was what they had joined the Army
for. This was what they had done all those attacks in Surrey
for. They were right up. It was strange and weird, not a bit
as they expected it. What about tteadley tteath now ? Why,
it wasn't much like Bedlam trenches even.
It takes a few hours for one to realize that there are some
men over that pile of sandbags who are trying to kill you.
The realization does corne though, first through the graves of
the unknown soldiers, and later by losing a comrade. The
dreadful, dull monotony of war when there is nothing doing.
The saine sandbags and mud, the same ping and whizz.
The rest has been described often enough. Some of the
description is a mere feat of imagination, and, as the truth is
never readable, the story may as well end here.

[The " Pow-wow. °,
"'DONE IN!"

Pow=Wow.

VOLUhI= L

TIIE COVER OF TIIE "' POW-VOW."
Desiged by llr. H. C. llumby of the U.P.S.
[105

CHAPTER VII

« THE POW-WOW "

WE have reserved for the end of this little book some accourir
of The Pow-wow, the unofficial magazine of the Brigade, to whicb
frequent reference has becu ruade in the foregoing pages. It
was edited by Private (now Lieut.) lIurry of the 20th Battalion.
Its general character is fairly obvious from the numerous extracts
and illustrations fronl it reproduced throughout this book. The
following extracts from the Prefaces to the bound volumes,
Nos. 1-20, and Nos. 21-38, will supply a key to the authors
and artists :

The signatures of Ptes. Cundall and Stoneley are familiar
to ail out readers. Their cartoons have been a source of mirth
to every one. We cannot sufficiently thank them for their
unflagging devotion. Their timely arrival with drawings has
saved many a bulging line. Readers may remember the tragic
disappearances with commissions of Clark and Fyfe, and the
despondency of the Editor on that accourir. They will recall
his last despairing efforts to write the whole thing hinlself and
his final acknowledgment of failure. It was this that aroused
some of the dark horses in Epsom, and with their aid, both as
contributors and as editorial assistants, we were able to resume.
It is rime that their names were associated with their noms-de-
plume. "Twopence "--who should now be "2½d."--the perpe-
trator of every variety of verse and putrid prose, is known to
his friends as Green, to the military authorities as Pte. G. M.
Green. Ite is in the 19th Battalion. "E1 Sind," seer and man
of the world, who writes as easily in the language of lIoses
as in his own and on subjects suitable for either, is Private
14 05

106 TtIE tIISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

D. L. Perry, a signaller in the 20th Battalion. "Raya," whose
gift for composing the most perfect verse and concluding it
with some delightful bathos is unrivalled, is a private in the
20th also, Raymond Walter by name. tI. C. Mumby, whose
drawings in the later numbers have interested and delighted
every one, has put us still further in his debt by designing the
cover for us.
[And again] . . . others contribu'ced occasionalty, "Py'chian "
amongst thcm. " Sindbad "che Sailor" is onc Hume, a corporal.
• . . Reprcscntatives of thc canine specics will bc sorry fo hcar
that "Bow-»vow" is, aftcr all, a human being, Clcmcnts by
nmnc and a privatc in 'che samc Battalion as Grccn. Thcre is
little fo add. Out las'c numbcr contains out reasons for con-
signing The Pow-wow to thc grave. I{cgrcts are out of place
in a preface, so we vill concludc with the hopc that:

" When you gre old and grey and full of sleep,
And nodding by the tire, take down this book,"

the memories that it vill arouse vill be not only of dreary
days, of interminable fatigues; for, in spire of everything, was
there ever sueh a gallant eompany ?

That The Pow-wow passed tltrough some critical rimes is
shovn by the folloving extract from one of the earlier numbers:

As far as the Editor can see, this will be the las'c number
of The Pow-wow. He is fed up. Apart from the aid of one
or two heroic souls in , he has had practically no assist-
ance. tIe is certainly flattered by the non-an'ival of copy, as
he infers that his co-privates consider him equal to the task
of doing the whole thing himself.

This is the episode to which allusion is nmde in the Preface
quoted above. The deeision to eonelude The Pow-wow was ex-
pressed in the last number (No. 38) as follows:

With this issue The Pow-wow ceases to be. To many, no
doubt, the news will be in the nature of a surprise; but to
those who are aware of the ïact that the Editor may be trans-
ïerred to some less energetic sphere at shooE notice, the result

"TtIE POW-WOW" 107

of a motor accident, which will keep him temporarily out of
active service, and that "El Sind " has gone te make lnunitions,
it xvill merely occur that the inevitable has happened. At the
same rime, it vould be as vell te state that this step has been
under consideration for seine rime past. If has gradually been
forced upon us t.hat ve have passed the zenith, and are new
te a grcat extent repeating ourselves. Life which vas all fresh
up te a certain point latterly has had little new te offer te the
tired scribe. The daily round, xvith its conventions both of
behaviour and humour, has lest ifs original charm frein our
standpoint, and each veek finds us less ready te express our
vievs, be they genuine or satirical.

Parodies naturally occupied a great deal of the space devoted
te verse in The Pow-wow. We reproduee seine of the most typieal
speeimens here. Omar Khayydtm bas inspired many a parody, and
" Sindbad the Sailor" sueeeeded in skilfully adapting seine of his
best-knovn lines te the lire of the U.P.S.

OMAR AT WOODCOTE
AWAKE ! the blatant Bugle--for our sin--
From far and ner with loud insistance dins.
Reveille sounds, and with ifs strident lqote
Another Day of Agony begins.
Dreaming, when Dawn's Left Hand was in the sky
I heard the Corporal's repeated Cry
" Awake 1 ye Beggars ! Get a move on there ! "
Slowly I rose and rubbed a sleepy Eye.
I sometimes think that never looks se sweet
My Bed as when, first standing on my Feet,
I seek te courir how many Hours must pass
Ere I again that pleasant Couch shall greet.
A little later, le! I stood before
The Cook House shouting, " Open new the door!
You know we corne net hither of out Choice
Ner, having corne, would wait an Heur or more!"
Mess Orderlies are we, a Band forlorn
Seeking out Food upon a wintry Morn,
Seine chemical Concoction known as Tea
And sundry Morels of bewhiskered Brawn.

108 THE HISTOR¥ OF THE " U.I.S. ''

Thcn on the cold bleak Downs do we parade
In Leather Harness girt, with sorrow weighed,
Wishing that we had never left our I-/omes,
or in the Quest of phantom Glory strayed.

The Squad no "Question makes of Ayes or loes,
But Right or Left, as Shouts the Sergeant, goes,
For he, by Virtue of the stripes he wears
Ho -knows about if ail, or thinks he knows !

Oh! leave the Wise fo wrangle, and with ne
Tire Question of our Destiny let be!
And in some corner of the Pow-wow's Page
Make Gmne of that which makes as much of thee!

Some fo the æyramids have raised their Eyes,
Ot.hers declare that France shall be our Prize,
Some speak of Aldershot.--This much is Truth,
" We are af Voodcote "--and--the Rest is Lies!

Oh! Mud of my Delight that knows no wane,
My Boots are with thy Foulness clogged again ;
/Iay Allah haste /he Day when I shall scan,
Those boots for Traces of thy clay, in vain!

And You who follow after, when you pass
Through Woodcote Mud in search of Woodcote Grass
And, failing, drown your Grief in the Canteen,
Renmmber Us !--and drain another Glass.
SIIDBAD THE SAILOtt.

OMAR ON IIGttT-OPS

Lo ! the new week, reviving old desires,
To Night-Ops now the G.O.C. aspires,
And twice two thousand men obey his call,
Men who have dug the sand and put out rires.

And, as the change from Day fo ight was ruade,
Behold us ail assembled on Parade,
With Harness and with heavy Packs begirt,
Take heed ! If is the inety-eighth Brigade.

Ah ! corne with old Khayygim, and leave ail hope
Of sleep behind ; and through the forest grope,
Collide with wire fences and assail
The thousand obstacles within thy scope.

" THE 1)OW-WOW " 109

0 thou who didst with rabbit-hole and snag
Infest the path o'er whieh my foot I drag,
Thou wilt net my profanity condemn,
Ner blame me if t lst my spirits flag.

One instant's halt among the hours of haste,
And frein my water-bottle one swift taste,
And le ! my Company bas passed away,
And I ana left alone within the waste.

Platoon of my delight, it is with pain
That I discover thou art lest again.
How oft herea.fter shall my Sergeant look
Through that self-smne Platoon for me--in vain.

Could I my chosen Destiny arrange
Myself into a Scout I straight would change.
I have but lest myself to-night, while they
Can lose whole Companies, ner think if strange.

Still stumbling on the road I deemed the best,
Platoons galore I met with on my quest,
Seine te the Northward bound, sorae te the South,
Seine te the East and others te the West.

And as each passed, in whispers I inquired,
"Who are ye, O my friends?" But soon I tired;
" Eighteenth " and " Nineteenth," aye, and "Twenty-first,"
But net tlm one Battalion I desired.

At last, in sorrow and in weariness
My failure I was tempted te confess,
When, le ! I heard the Rattle's strident sound,
And knew that I was nigh the M.G.S.

They who, for reasons which I may net know,
Take Rattles with them wheresoe'er they go,
Conceal themselves with curming and with skill,
And with loud noises seek te awe their foe--

With them I rested for a little while,
And with them marched for many a weary toile,
Until af last I came unto my hut,
My foot in blisters and my temper vile.
SIIçDBAD THE AIL01%.

110 TItE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

The "Bridge of Sighs" gave " Twopence"
worked out, of the following :
EWELL-TIED
1914
(W A,oLoGms Te To» HOOD)
OE more unfortunate,
Bored unto tears--
Leave, though importunate,
Only New Year's !

the idea, skilfully

Alast for the rarity
Of Christian charity
Under the sunl
At home all the slackers
tIave flappers and crackers--
I-Ieroes have none!

Long ere the sun rise
On Christmas morning,
Must we each one rise,
tIis feather bed scorning.

Then off te Woldingham,
Duty upholding 'ena,
Big men and small men
Ail overflowing
With happiness, showing
Good-will t.o ail men.

In we plunge boldly,
No matter how coldly
The liquid mud drenches,
Down in the stink of it
(Just as they meant us te).
Picture it, think of it,
Lave in it, drink of it,
You who have sent us te
Dig in the trenches.

The bleak wind and tain
Make us tremble and shiver,
And the wait for the train
Gives us chill on the liver--

"THE POW-WOW" 111

Dreadfully taring
Through muddy impurity,
Hopelessly swearing
That we shall be wearing
The mud through futurity.
Look hot disdainfully ;
Think how we painfully
Laboured and cursed--
No of the stains of us,
All that remains of us
Now is A THIRST.

Such varied sources as Shakespeare, Longfellow,
Gilbert were equally skilfully drawn upon :
IRIVATE X, where are you roaming ?
Hide a while! the picquet's coming,
That can see both high and low.
Crawl no further, try retreating ;
Journeys end in sentries meeting--
Every wise man's son doth know.
Wlmre's your pass  It's that they're after ;
This is hot a time for laughter ;
What's to corne is still unsure.
Tell your lies then, good and plenty--
Do hot mention Sweet and Twenty,
C.B. you carmot endure.

TWOPENCE.
and W.

C. I-l.

A PSALM OF LIFE
(REvISED VERSION}
TELL me not in mournful mmbers
That to France we ne'er shall roam,
But with nought to mat our slumbers,
Make the Huts our only home.
We were keen! And we were earnest!
(Brimming are our bitter cups !)
"Mud thou art, to mud returnest,"
Is the motto of the Ups.
Not enjoyment and hot sorrow
Is our destined end and way,
But to act, that each to-morrow
Find us wlmre we are to-day.

112 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

Var may end and Peace, returning,
Smile upon the Empire soon ;
Stalle fo see the Ups still learning
"On the left" fo "Form Platoon."
At the Front out Brothers perish,
Itigh their courage and sublime.
Here no hopes we date to cherish--
"U.P.S. Brigade, Mark Tirae ! "
leace vill corne and surely find us
Doing as we do to-day,
And, disbanded, leave behind us
Footprints in the Woodcote c}ay.

SI5'DBkD THE SAILOE.

I the Spreagle Saloon a profane Fusilier
Shrieked, " Censored, 0 Censored, 0 Censored ! "
And I said to him, " Why are you hanging round here
Shrieking, ' Censored, 0 Censored, O Censored ' ?
Is it weakimss of intellect, Tommy," I cried,
" Or a drop too much Scotch in your little inside ? "
With a scowl on his juvenile face he replied,
"Be Censored, you Censored old Censored ! "
He grew purple, and gasped to the ceiling and floor,
"Deleted, Deleted, Deleted ! "
And I thought he'd explode as he bellowed once more,
"Deleted, Deleted, Deleted ! "
He raged and he raved as he thought once again
Of the flapper at Wimbledon waiting in vain,
And he prayed that the picquets who guarded the train
Be " Deleted, De]eted, Deleted ! "
(" Titwillow "--The $likado)
TWOPENCE.

"C. H." happily parodied sonnets of Milton and Wordsworth :
MAIGLED IASTERPIECES FROM POPULAR POETS
II. MILTON
A MESS ORDERLY ON HIS HUNGER
WHE I consider how my time is spent
Ere hall my days in this dark world and wide,
In cleaning buttons that ] cannot bide,
Or posted as a sentry with intent
To serve thereby my Colonel, and present
My arms to him, lest he returning chide--

"THE POW-WOW " 118

Doth ho oxact hard labour, food denied ?
I fondly ask :--But Patienco, to prevent
That murmur, soon replies : Vho doth not feed
Either in Camp or Epsom--he had best
Bear his mild yoko or alter his estate,
Setting his purpose to assuage his need
For drink and victuals--shoving with tho rost--
They are not served who only stand and wait.

WORDSWORTH
TItE INNER VISION
Mos swoet it is with unuplifted eyes
To paco the ground, as if one were alone,
Not pent within a column to surmiso
That sweetness lurks within the raucous tono
Of Sergeant-Major, to endue tho scene,
Tho dusty roedway, and the swearing men,
With meditativo boauty, royal mien,
Or, fancying those peaceful rimes again
When lifo was fragrant, thought both free and deft
At conjuring the musos, to aspire
To win again the faculties bereft
Of which no human poet may inspiro
ttis feeblo words or tune his little lyre
• . . And then to hear the Corporal shouting " LEFT ! "

"Twopence" also essayed the sonnet form :

C•

Co I.

15

TO MY ENTRENCttING TOOL
WA is thero sweoter when tho amorous Moon,
In cloud-fleek weeds or naked splendour dight,
With quoenly largesse poufs her argent light
Upon an earth that gladdens at the boon,
Or when the clouds, with silent-stepping shoon,
ttavo draped their cloakes adown the dome of nigbt
Till o'en tho stars aro curtained from out sight--
Oh what could then bo sweoter than to spoon ?
Rather than clasp in these my martial arms
The shapely softness of a Itouri's charms
On garden-sward of Paradise, than win
The Argivo ttelen for my bride to be :
Rather at Epsom would I spoon with thee--
Spoon up tho Common earth and dig me in !

TWOPENCE.

114 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

It was inevitable that the Alphabet rhyme should be adapted
to the U.P.S. It is perhaps a trivial form of verse, and so the author
of the following U.P.S. Alphabet modestly remains anonymous :
U.P.S. ALPHABET
A is an Adjurant, booted and spurred,
B the Battalion that moves af his word,
C is a Company (ours takes the cake),
D is the Danming that keeps if awake,
E is an Elegant Extract of rank,
F is a File (which is frequently blank),
G is a Gun--I beg pardon, a rilïe,
Il stands for "Itipe " (this may vary a trifle),
I is Instructions for night-ops, again,
J is our Joy when it cornes on to rain,
K is the "Kultttr" we'ro out fo suppress,
L is the Liar whose nmne you can guess,
M is the Mortal who moves to communal,
N is the Nut tlmt ho was beforelmnd,
O is an Officer--hark fo his shout--
P tho llatoon that ho ---- about.
Q is the Query, "What does the man mean ? "
1 the Reply, "Tiret remains fo be soon."
S is a Sentry-group out in a wood,
T is the Toddy they'd get if they could.
U stands for Uniforms, and I presume
V for the Various shapes they assmne
W's out Weapons (we've only a few),
X the Xtent of the damage they'll do.
Y is out Yearning to join in the fray, and
Z is out Zest which will carry the day.

Many dinking songs naturallv appeared in the pages of The
Pow-wow. The following by "C. H.," the Editor, has the right
swing in it:
DRINKING SONG
O bring hot here your barley beer
Or alderberry wine.
Black-currant juice will not induce
Forgetfulness, nor make a truce
'Twixt poet and divine;
But hall, all bail
To ]olly old ale,

115

[The '" Pow-wow."
HOW IT'S DONE. THE EDITOR AS OUR ARTIST SEES HIM.

Nutmeg, cinnamon, dark or pale,
I-Ieady and strong as a North-East gale,
Jolly old ale--that's mine.

Let Jack and Jill go up the hill ; for me the warm saloon,
A snug retreat where friends may meet,
While time flits by in the busy street,
Where the present is lost and the Future's sweet
lor an hour that goes too soon.

So bring not here your barley beer
Or alderberry wine.
Black-curra.nt juice will hot induce
lorgetfulness, nor make a truce
'Twixt poet and divine ;
But hall, all hall,
To jolly old ale,

116 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

Nutmeg, cinnamon, dark or pale,
]eady and strong as a North-East gale,
Jolly old ale--that's mine.
Let others prate of human fate ; for me the hours that pass
Are sad or gay ; and who's te say
Where we go when it's rime te pay ?
What does if marrer ? We lire to-day--
Then fill another glass.
But bring net here your barley beer
Or alderberry wine.
Black-currant ]uice will net induce
Forgetfulnoss, ner mako a truce
'Twixt poet and divine.
But bail, ail hall
Te jolly old ale,
Nutmeg, cinnamon, dark or pale,
Heady and strong as a North-East gale--
Jolly old ale--TrAT's

This is naturally followed by the inevitable toast:

C.

A TOAST
I-IERE'S fO tho Major of bashful fifteen,
New te tho Privato of thirty.
Here's te the Sub., who's amazingly keen,
And here's te tho Sergeant who's shirty.
Let tho toast pass, drink it ;--alas,
A swaddy has every excuse for the glass !
Here's te the Captain, whoso figure we prize ;
New te another with none, sir ;
Here's te a voice, which was ronde, wo surmise,
Chiefly for calling out " 'Shun," sir.
Let the toast pass, drink if ;--alas,
A swaddy bas every excuse for the glass!
Here's te the Iq.C.O., mildly profane,
New te the man he addresses ;
Here's te the O.C., whoso orders are vain,
And hero's te the hero who guesses.
For, let him bo ranker or nigh te the top,
Young or a.ncient, I care net a feather,
Corne fill up with whisky, or bitter, or pop,
And e'en let us toast 'em together.

Ce

"THE POW-WOW" 117

From this we pass on to the following, also by "C. H.":

TO AN OFFICER

SWET, bo not proud of broidored stars
That sparklo in betwoen the bars
Upon your cuff, nor proud fo see
All men your captives, you yet free ;
Nor bo you proud that you can shout
Tho Lord knows why or what about,
Whenas the Sain Browne that you wear--
If oiled and treated with due care--
Will last beyond the present war,
Or longer than you'll need if for.

Co Ho

" Raya," too, has his dig at the aspirant to rank:

BALLADE

OH ! ho had visions brlght and gay
Of rising fo a Brigadier
With stars and erowns in rich array
Emblazoned thero and shining here,
And how the camp would shake with fear
Whene'er he deigned to walk that way ;
r faith a right renowned ca.reer !
A picnio, and a holiday !

Alas, how visions disappear
And leave again the light of day!
For he's still messing over here
Removing sods and carting clay;
Ho uses words I mustn't say,
And mopes until the night is near,
And then, fo scare the past away,
Ho soaks his sordid self in beer.

ENVOI
0 Sergeant ! let him slink away
And shed the melancholy tear,
For he is still, alack-a-day!
A simple-minded Fusilier.

RAYA.

118 TttE ttISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

Descriptions of camp lire
following by "C. H." and by
EPttEMEIA
TOSE days are past when August, loudly calling,
Addressed the weary wight from many a hoarding,
Reminding him that city life was palling,
That houses of the genus known as " boarding "
Awaited him, that nerves required a tonie,
That a.ll complaints were curable--even the chronic.
Those days are past when leaving in his newest---
The latest thing--and looking very dapper,
tic booked (return) to where the skies are bluest,
And numerous the necessary flapper,
And spent his rime in harmless dissipation,
Nor feaxed from Zeppelins a fatal visitation.
Or, puffing placidly along to /)over,
On alien soil he hoped to spend his leisure--
Although perhaps the actual crossing over
Was hot included in the scheme of pleasure,
But more regaxded as some dire Chimera
That guarded the approaches to the Riviera.
Or, yet again, case-harden(d fo the crossing,
tte stood him in the bow, head bare, and scanned
The dira horizon, joying in the tossing,
And looking forward fo the promised land,
]:[e viewed his climbs and hoped this year the going
Would be as good as last, and that if vasn't snowing.
Those days are past, and now, the sport of Sirius,
tte plods in dusty ways within a column,
Unkempt and veary and with thirst delirious,
With sober mien and thoughts both sad and solemn,
For he has lately heard the Gods are fain
To give him holiday--and August will be spent
On Salisbury llain !
mSÈE
TnICE weekly af six in the morning,
And long ere the fise of the sun,
We leap from our bed and descend fo get fed ;
And hasty ablutions, or none.
Sasadwich-laden, we speed through the darkness,
Irdaaling the mist and the murk ;
For out sportive O.C.'s seem fo do as they please,
While their companies do all the work.

were naturally numerous, and the
"Lance-Private" are typical :

C. H.

"THE POW-WOW " 119

With our coats neatly slung as per orders,
While the rain descends damply in sheets,
We stand limply af ease, and we freeze and we sneeze
And our Non.-Coms. de noncomly feats,
They count us, and twist us, and turn us,
And divide us in sections of ten ....
We begin te entrain, then they notice the rain,
And it's back te our billets again.
Or else, if the weather's propitious,
And the engine has net been mislaid,
We proceed te embark, and, seine rime before dark,
Reach the place where the trenches are ruade.
Oh tben we bedaub and besmear us
And wallow in oceans of clay,
While our oflïcers tell us we're very fine fellows,
But xvisely keep out of the way.
Still, levity lightens our labours,
There is often a humorous sidc,
E.g., when a man with a waist of large span,
Tries te work in a trench two feet wide,
There is mirth in the midst of our moiling,
And much that were better unsaid,
I.e., the remarks of Adolphus 1 ). Sparks,
When a friend dropped a pick on his head.
But we work for our King and our Country,
Also for our Country and King
(It's padding, I know, but ideas will net flow,
And the words bave a sort of a swing) ;
I-IenceforO we lire under a shadow,
The fear lest, in case of a raid,
'Mid tbe general rouf, they sbould order us out,
Te fight in the trenches we've ruade!
LACE -1)RIVArE.

"C. H." bids farewell te Epsom, Ashtead, and Leatherhead,
and bewails the conditions of life in Clipstone :
Te EPSOM, ASHTEAD, AND LEATHERHEAD
COE, sing with me
Te the peerless three,
Goddesses blithe and gay.
Corne, sing with le
Te the trinity,
Hallowed and far away,

120 TttE ttISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

Where earth is lovely and hearts are kind--
As all heart.s are that we leave behind--
Where life runs smoothly and Love is blind--
As Love must ever be.
Corne, sing with me
No threnody
Siihed to a northern moon ;
But merrilie
To the South Countrie--
Memory calls the tune--
Of woody hillocks and windy downs
Of lonely commons and little towns
Vhere nature seldom, if ever, frowns--
Happier far than we.
Corne, sing with me
Right rousingly--
Barman, a stoup of ale.
Good ]ucl, drinl we
To the peerless three,
And may they never rail
To breed fine lasses and brew good beer
(Though the latter is quite as good up here).
Fill up, fill up--with a mighty cheer.
Iere's to the trlnity.
Corne» sing with me,
Though far we be
Up in the chilly :North.
Some day will see
Us fair and free
Sallylng gaily forth,
Perchance in mufti--who knows, and when ?--
Back from the ranks, acquitted men,
Back to the sunny South again,
Back to the peerless three.

Co ï].

Nor svas there a lack of more serious verse, as the following
examples will show:
SPRING
SPnnvo came to me with pretty words,
With pretty words, and said:
" It's fine to-day, and I'm called May,
Aud you're a khaki Tommy, eh ?
Oh ! Tom, the winter's dead ! "

"THE POW-WOW" 121

Indeed, indeed ! how dull was lire,
Vas life of yesterday !--
wandered down the little town
With eyes of blue and cheeks of brown ;
Te wandered right away ....
Ah me[ ttow very, very fleet,
ttow fleet are lire and joy!
How short a thing is May, and Spring,
How soon the bcll of doom may ring
For Maid and Khaki Boy:

AYA.

And some sonnets :

LAST YEAI
LONE in a valley rich in alpine flow'rs
Vhoso fervent beauty tinetured ail the scene--
Tho sombrous pines, tho crags, the paler greon
Of higher slopes--until tho snowy tow'rs,
Luring the seul te spend unheeding hours
Amid their fastness, silcnt and serene,
Blotted out colour with tiroir dazzling sheen 
I lay and dreamed how little that is ours
Is warth a hought wlmn flow'r and rock and show--
Ail hmnblo things--can awo us ino fear
Of our own littleness until we grow
Less than tho earth wo tread, unfil wo hear
Whispers of truths too vast for martal ear
And mysteries that we can never know.

16

TttIS YEAI
New when thoso mountains echo te tho ound
Of human thunder--mortal mimicry
Of their own sudden vaprous gunnery--
IVhen flow'rs are trarnpled on contested ground,
And trees are split, and nature's beauty bound
A slave in manacles te devilry,
While smoke enwreathes tho ghastly revelry
Of man and man that ends within a mound
Of piteous oarth ; I wait with others here
Te join the Dance Macabre whose evil tune
Waltzes within the blood till all the dear
Dead dreams are gone, the seul is out of swoon.
Two thousand years slip back, and, standing clear,
Self-confident, I pray the day be soon.

122 TttE tIISTORY OF TtIE " U.P.S."

ON CLA1R.ENDON tIILL

TEN thousand merry soldiers laugh below,
And sing and play and chat; a fretting train
Puffs round the hillside Londonwards again.
Often the strident evening bugles blow ;
The lights wink busily, and corne and go
Like flashing images in the turbulent brain:
And once I sec a tardy aeroplane
Fly homewards, whirring sharply, flying low:
And I lie here and marvel at the earth,
And all its dark strange beauty, and its pain,
And doabt, if I should never see again
This August moon that's creeping into view,
"Whether a valiant death in France is worth
Thc loss of Youth, and Love, and Beauty too

QUIMA:PALUS.

A DEATH

NoT in the shining armour of the Past
Upon some charger, with a tilted lance,
To fall beside the road of high romance
:For some fair maiden's honour overcast ;
Nor yet, when shrilly blows tlle summoning blast,
Plunging upon the crest of sonle advance,
Where ail the plumes of Englisll knighthood dance,
To win a grave upon the field at last ;

Not thus to die! But in the cold half-light,
When the damp mist divides the day and night,
To stagger suddenly, stung, stupid, torn ;
And, while the light cornes lifelessly and grey,
To lie all bloodied in the common clay
With stiffened ]ilnbs and the sad dead face drawn.

I,AYA.

" Raya" was killed in action.
Examples of the prose of The Pow-wow are more diflïcult to give.
The subject-matter is generally more ephemcral and the allusions
more obscure when read out of the context of daily events. The
following exalnplcs of widely different types luay sttffice :

"THE POW-WOW" 123

AN HILAIRIOUS REVIEW

WITtt NECESSARY APOLOGIES

Trois week I propose to discuss the question of the future movements
of the U.P.S. from a different standpoint. Last week I endeavoured
fo prove that the move to barraeks, some of whieh bear the naine of
"Jellalabad," may or may hOt be of signifieanee. A correspondent
writes to suggest that the change of address may have been marie in
order to provide a test of sobriety for men returning from leave,
but his suggestion may be dismissed without comment save that,
as no one ever thinks of trying to pronounee the word by day, still
less would they seek to do so by night.
From the great number of letters I have reeeived from maiden
aunts and sister Susies, it would appear that I have driven some
of them into a eomplete stoppage of knitting operations by reason
of my quotation from anothcr military genius (though, of course, in
a far less eomplex age), viz., that " An Army marehes on its stomaeh."
Let us examine this proposition a little eloser. My long experi-
enee in military mtters leads me to eonclude that either (a) the
genius was totally mistaken; (b) he was speaking figuratively; or
(c) tha by some misapprehension the word " belly " was substituted
for "Belloe.:' Any of these conclusions nmy be correct, but, again
relying on my teehnieal knowledge, I dismiss (a) and (b) in favour
of (c). The manufacture of soeks may, therefore, proeeed unhindered.
Now let me deal with the subjee of my article. I hope to show to
the satisfaction of my readers tha either () the U.P.S. are destined
for active service or (y) they are hOt.
Another correspondent who signs himself " Where are the
Nine ?" is of opinion that as only one man in ten has as yet been
issued a short rifle, () may be ruled out of discussion. The fallaey
of his suggestion will be at once apparent to ail who have followed
my various articles. Nearly ten months ago I suggested that the
Allies might well corne to some nnderstanding with the other be||i-
gerent Povers whereby the monotony of another winter's campaign
of stationary trench warfare might be obviated. This could be done
altogether, I find, in 6,997 ways. If, hovever, my correspondent
is accurate in his statement, it would seem that the actual agree-
ment arrived at is that only one man in ten is to be armed. Each
side would thus be called upon to discover and tire at the man
holding the rifle at any particular moment. Such an arrangement,

12 TttE ttISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

besides proving ex-
citing for the men,
would provide un--
limited opportunity
for ingenuity on the
part of the oflîcers in
keeping the rifle con-
stantly on the more.
As a marrer of fact, a
diagram illustrating
how the rifle could
change hands 18,777
rimes in an hour and
a half, and still leave
mnple margin for a
good sleep for the
N.C.O.'s, has unfor-
tunately gone to the
printers with my a.r-
ticle on " Why Willie
will one day Wonder,"
for the Sunday Sketchy
Marvel.

[The °' Pow-wow.'"
HAVi IECEIVED THE ABOVE FIOM AN UNKNOVN
LADY EADE HAILING FlO5I BRISTOL. Vlg.
POSITIVELY BLUSH.

To the thoughtful student of affairs it will be obvious that I have
proved conclusively that either (x) or (y) must be right, and there
I leave it.
I hope to dcal with the moral aspect of the situation next week
from still another standpoint (there are, to the military mind, several
thousand standpoints) ; but, as my article for Earth and Sky will have
to be rewritten in the light of important information I have received
from a friend of a late butler to the divorced husband of an Austrian
Co«ntess, I cannot deal with the moral issue for a few days.
Bow-wow.

TttE LAST INSPECTION

IT was a curious coincidence that the three greatest events in history
should occur on three successive days.
On Wcdnesday the U.P.S. Brigade was inspected by the Minister
for War, Lord Kitchener's great successor. It was the one hundredth

" THE POW-WOW " 125

inspection, and many thought that if would be the last belote leaving
for the front. In a way these optimists were right.
On Thursday Von Kluek, at the head of a triumphant hand,
entered Paris, with the Kaiser af his side; while, at almost preeisely
the same hour, Maekensen and the Crown Prince watched Petrograd
flame into nothingness.
On Friday came the Great Cataelysm--the end of the world.
Strange that Fate, Destiny--what you will--should ehoose that
day for the final act. Or was if just the last, glorious, vietory of
good over evil 9. Who shall say 9. And after the end--Saturday!

Have you ever left your body and travelled through spaee un-
hampered by the flesh 9.
Lie out on the moors some glorious summer day and listen fo
the murmur of the sea. Let the wind play about your head while
you gaze upward into the blue. Wateh that little white eloud
floating above you, like a ship at sea, impereeptibly ehanging shape ;
--now a whale, now a snow-eapped peak, now a moeking diabolieal
face, grinning at the futility of life. Forger everything you ever
knew ; open your soul fo the infinite; and wait.
And if shall eome to pass that your ego, your innermost self,
leaving behind the fetters of the flesh, shall soar upward, free and
untrammelled, a very Ariel. Upward, lpward, ever higher, while
earth, with ifs myriad tongues, sinks fo oblivion beneath. Free
ïrom the bondage of the senses, you shall float there like a bubble
on a still day, Nirvana, the Ultinmte Peace, attained.
Thus shall you realise to some extent the strange emotions of
those that saw that Sattrday.
Imagine, if you ean, a mighty mass of souls, extending tank
upon tank, into the far distance; a mass divided into two parts.
The one is eomposed mainly of kindly souls, the souls of good fathers
and tender brothers, the souls of upright, earnest men ; but at
their head is a group of different appearanee. Bloated, arrogant,
ambitious souls these, inflated with false pride and selfishness. And
at the heart of eaeh, bad and good alike, lies one little virtue, gone
bad : the spirit of patriotism, turned astray, running amok.
Look now at the second part. There is little differenee, on the
whole, between these and the others, save that the heart is sound.
But here are no false leaders, no imposed aristoeraey.
Look elosely anaong these, and you will find one speeial group,

126 TttE JIISTORY OF TttE " U.P.S."

a very fine body of souls. They are drawn up af attention, dressed
by the right, numbered and proved. Every glossy wing is burnished,
every harp shines in the light. Not a feather is awry, hot a spot
stains the pure white of their garments. For this is the Last Inspec-
tion. " Brigade--present--harps ! " cornes the order. And thus
they stand, awaiting their doom.
And thus we leave them, standing there expectant, as they bave
stood so often belote.
E, SND.

The bound volumes of The Pow-wow ean be purchased from
Messrs. Birch and Whittington, tIigh Street, Epsom.
Another intcresting artistie endeavour was the U.P.S. Song-
book written by Pte. A. W. Lloyd of the 19th Battalion, and
set to well-known tunes. The songs had referenee to eurrent
questions in the lire of the Brigade, and of course the speeula-
tion as fo when the Brigade would be sent to the front vas
not omitted ; thus :

They tell us we are down for active service,
In Belgium or in other foreign parts ;
And they promise that the corps
Is brigaded for the war--
For the front's the th/ng on which we've se out hearts.
But if summer cornes and finds us still in training,
"WÇ might as well be called an O.T.C.
If we see no operations,
Or at 1Çast somÇ foreign stations,
With the U.P.S. 'twill then all be U.P.

CHORUS
On Sunday they say we'll go to Flanders,
On Monday we're down for Nice or Cannes
On Tuesday we stalle
Vhen they hint at the Nilo,
On Vednesdy the Soudan,
On Thursday it's lIalta or Gibraltar,
On Friday they'd send us fo Lahore,
But on Saturday we're willing
To bot an even shilling,
WÇ'rÇ here for the duration of the war.

" TH:E POW-WOW " 127

The gradual
granted inspired
Nigger Boys " :

depletion of the ranks
the following set fo the

as commissions were
tune of " Ten Little

Eight little P.S.U.'s, feeling fit for heaven,
One joined the Flying Corps, and then there wero seven.
Six little P.S.U.'s, tired of being alive,
One applied for Sandhurst, and then there were rive.
Five little P.S.U.'s, round the ranks a bore,
The worst got gazetted, and then there were four.

And so on. Finally we have:

On the road to La Bassée
Where the ttuns await " The Day,"
'Twill be slow for girls in Epsom
When the " U.P.S." haro marched away.

We conclude with the following clever lines by the versatile
Editor, "C. Il." :

As one who, in the passing of the sun,
Sees an epitome of day's decline,
The splendour and tlle pathos, much begun,
But little ended save a faint design
On flimsy fabric that the night-wind takes
And breaks.

So I: the sun is setting as the word
" Finis "--inevitable as the night--
Scrawls from the drying pen, and lo are stirred
Dreams of before, the wonder, the delight
Of all beginnings. Who would think them ruade
To fade ?

Tlle temple of the God of Platitude
Is ever open. Pilgrims come and go,
And some too eager worshippers intrude
Upon the very rites; an even flow
Of elegiac verse were fiat no doubt
Without.

128 THE HISTORY OF THE " U.P.S."

But I would xvrite, avoiding commonplace,
lecalling ail the lays that wo have sung,
Of Epsom, Ashtead, Leatherhead ; retraco
Out steps to when tho war--and wo--wero young,
Then, leaving ail to memory, forger
Regret.

My Muse is gone, sho will not tune again
The slackened strings, so I will cast away
The useless lyre; and yet, the songs remain,
The pages stand. Perchance when we are grey
The yellowed leave will bring back youth,
And so,
Cheer Oh !

C. Ho

[The "Pow-wow."

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